Cuba (city in the Azerbaijan SSR). Cuba (city in the Azerbaijan SSR) Cuba Azerbaijan

They are famous for their national traditions and picturesque nature. Most Caucasian cities have a centuries-old history. The settlement of Guba (Azerbaijan) is considered one of such places.

Location

168 km from the city of Baku there is a small settlement called Guba. It is also the regional center of the Guba region. This area has an excellent location and rich infrastructure, which is why many tourists prefer to come here.

If you want to experience the Caucasian flavor and bring home a lot of unforgettable impressions after your vacation, be sure to visit Azerbaijan. The city of Guba is located in a mountainous area (600 m above sea level).

Historical facts

The foundation of the city dates back to the 15th century. In 1735, the city of Kuba (Guba) was transformed and became the capital of the Kuba Khanate, which was located in the modern territory of northeastern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan. The decision to move the ruler's residence from the city of Khudat was made by Huseyn Ali Khan. In 1806, Russian troops invaded, after which, in 1813, the city of Guba (Azerbaijan) became part of the Russian Empire. This decision was made in accordance with the Gulistan Peace Treaty.

In 1840, the Caspian region was established, and the city became the administrative center of the district of the same name.

After the October Revolution of 1917, when the tsarist government of Russia was overthrown and unrest began in all regions, a rebel detachment led by Hamazasp Srvantsyan destroyed the city of Guba and other settlements of the district in 1918. The consequences of this tragedy were discovered in 2007, when construction of a stadium began in the city. The builders found a mass grave underground, in which there were up to 400 bodies, of which 50 belonged to children and 100 to women. Studies of the remains carried out by Azerbaijani scientists showed that the burial took place at the beginning of the 20th century.

Unique nature

Have no doubt, the city of Guba in Azerbaijan and its surrounding areas is an excellent place for a good holiday. The nature of this region is unique. More than 100 rivers flow here with clean water that is suitable for drinking. The largest of them are:

Gudialchay.
Vyalvyalachay.
Agchay.
Garachay.

In the Guba region there is the Afurdzhinsky waterfall, which is considered a natural heritage of Azerbaijan. Red-listed eagles (griffon vultures) are also found here.

Attractions

The city has a long history, thanks to which you can see numerous architectural monuments of past centuries. Numerous mosques and mausoleums will tell you a lot about the culture and traditions of Azerbaijan. Guba (photos of attractions are unlikely to leave anyone indifferent) will open for its visitors the mysterious world of the Muslim Caucasus.

Among the most famous attractions are the following historical monuments:

Ruins of the ancient fortress Gilgilchay. According to historians, this is the oldest architectural structure in these places. The fortress was built in the 5th-6th centuries, and its founder was a representative of the dynasty of Iranian rulers, the Sassanids. The walls were 6 m thick and reached 9 m in height. The fortress had 15-meter towers, which were located at a distance of 20-30 m from each other.
Medieval Agbil mausoleums, which are about 500 years old. Two buildings have a rectangular shape, and the third mausoleum has a unique architecture.
Village of Khanalyg. This settlement is located near the city of Guba. In Azerbaijan, this is one of the favorite places for tourists. Here is an ancient temple built in the 9th century, where adherents of the ancient cult - Zoroastrians - worshiped their deity.

Among other interesting places, the following attractions are worth noting:

Gümbezli bathhouse, built in the 19th century.
Juma Mosque.
Chigar-Kala fortress.
Sakin Khanum Mosque.
Mausoleums of Sheikhs Yusif and Junayd.

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City Cuba (Guba) located 168 kilometers from the capital, on the northeastern slopes of the majestic Shahdag Mountain. It was founded in the 15th century, and in 1735 it became the capital of the Cuban kingdom. 70 years later, Russian troops occupied these lands. In the troubled post-revolutionary years, a detachment formed by the Azerbaijani government under the command of Amazasp Srvantsyan burned the city and destroyed more than a hundred villages and towns, along with the population living in them. During the construction of the city stadium, workers discovered hundreds of remains of people, indicating that less than a hundred years ago a real massacre took place at this site. Soon all the found bodies were reburied.

Today's appearance of Cuba is formed from numerous gardens and parks, Muslim mosques, old houses and modern buildings. There are museums, financial, medical, educational and cultural institutions, a new sports complex, as well as a whole scattering of architectural and historical attractions in its surroundings and within the city limits. In the areas adjacent to Cuba there are several well-equipped recreation centers where you can not only have a pleasant time, but also make a number of exciting trips to the most interesting places in the Cuban province.

One of the main architectural and religious sites of the city is Juma mosque, built in the 19th century. The exterior of the building resembles a faceted cylinder, and the interior consists of one hall, the center of which is decorated with a giant dome, 16 meters in diameter. The appearance of the mosque is impressive. It is not without reason that after its construction, similar structures began to appear in other parts of Cuba. Another work of art - Sakina-Khanum Mosque, located in a remote area and built in 1854 by order of the widow of the famous Azerbaijani figure A. Bakikhanov. The mosque is made in the same style as Juma, but is made entirely of red brick, with a helmet-like metal dome crowning it. A thin, elegant spire completes the look. They also attract attention with their elegant shapes and interior decoration. Sakinakhanum mosque And Haji Jafar. Among other attractions, the Gümbezli bathhouse deserves special attention as a historical exhibit dating back to the 19th century, as well as monuments to the poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, the thinker and statesman of Azerbaijan, Bakikhanov and the memorial to the unknown soldier, founded in memory of the people who died during the Second World War in the fields battles.

A real journey into the world of history, traditions and culture of Azerbaijan can be made by tourists who decide to go on a trip throughout the Cuban province. The village fully reflects the identity of this region Khanalyg, located in the regional territory. The main architectural object here is the Zoroastrian temple, which is considered part of the ancient Fire religion, practiced in these lands many centuries ago. Meanwhile, the local residents themselves, who call themselves “Khanaligs,” are also of considerable interest. Their ancestors, ancient Albanian tribes, lived on these lands for a long time. People living in the village now have preserved the unique language, traditions and rituals of the ancients. They exist according to their own laws, work, rest, live and die according to old traditions bequeathed by their ancestors. In its own way, Khanalyg can be called a unique village, preserved for a long time and representing the cultural and historical heritage of this land.

The ruins of a defensive complex are considered one of the oldest fortresses in the Cuban region. Gilgilchay. According to researchers, the object was erected approximately in the 5th-6th centuries AD, during the reign of the Persian Sassanid dynasty. Initially, the fortress wall stretched for several kilometers along the Gilgilchay River, descended to the Caspian Sea and again rose high into the mountains. After centuries, only a small part remained of it, reminiscent of the former greatness of the empire. The thickness of the walls reached 6 meters, and their height was 9. At certain intervals along the entire perimeter there were 15-meter towers, and some of the forts had their own urban settlements. One of the key defensive points in the Gilgilchay system was the Chirag-Kala fortress, which consisted of massive volumetric towers protected by a deep ditch. Nowadays, almost nothing remains of it, except for a pile of stones symbolizing the glory of bygone eras.

Among other attractions of the Cuban province it is worth noting Mausoleums of Sheikhs Yusif And Juneida. Both of them were built in the Middle Ages of the second millennium and have a similar design. The mausoleum of Sheikh Yusif is made of square burnt brick with wide arched vaults, forming a deep portal and creating an impression of sophistication and luxury, by which one can determine that a noble person is buried in the mausoleum. The tomb of Sheikh Junayd, built by the grandson of Sheikh Tahmasib I, is lined with glazed tiles of different colors and laid out in a checkerboard pattern. The center of the tomb is decorated with a tall dome. Both mausoleums are unique works of art and have the status of historical heritage of Azerbaijan.

In terms of its historical significance and the number of important cultural sites, the province of Cuba occupies one of the leading places in. At the same time, the city itself is not as interesting for tourists as its region. In recent years, thanks to the development of tourism infrastructure, guests from the former Soviet republics have increasingly begun to come here, which undoubtedly has a positive effect on the economic viability of the region. If growth does not stop in the near future, then perhaps in the future Cuba will become a popular tourist destination in the post-Soviet space.

160 kilometers away is located the exotic name Cuba. Founded in the 15th century, it developed rapidly, and by the second half of the 18th century it had the status of the capital of the Kuban Khanate. Naturally, a city with a long history has various architectural historical monuments. Numerous tourists visiting this wonderful city always look with great interest at the buildings of the Cathedral Mosque (19th century), the Sakina Khanum Mosque (18th century), the Juma Mosque, which surprises and delights with its monumentality, and the Ardabil Mosque (19th century).

No less popular are such ancient buildings as the House of the Cuban Khan, a fortification of the 15th century, as well as medieval baths.
In order to become better acquainted with the culture and life of the people inhabiting these territories, the local local history museum has created an exhibition with a large number of rare exhibits, for example, skillful carpets of ancient Cuban masters. Although modern Cuba is the capital of carpet weaving, it is still considered an honor to purchase a carpet made by local craftsmen who were able to unravel the secrets of the ancient weavers. There is a branch of the State University of Arts in Cuba.

The village of Khanalyg is located a little away from Cuba, but excursion groups always stop by here, not missing the opportunity to see with their own eyes the famous landmark - the Ancient Temple of Zoroastrian fire-worshippers, built in the 9th century. It is noteworthy that the Khanalyg people themselves, who are descendants of the ancients, and who managed to preserve the original language of their ancestors, their rituals and traditions, way of life and clothing, themselves represent ethnic and historical value. The Khanalyg people are a unique ethnic group of people, the number of which does not exceed 1 thousand people. Despite the fact that this is the 21st century, this locality has its own code of laws and regulations, they even have their own customs office.

The local history museum of Cuba has a rich exposition, which, in addition to various objects of ancient culture, displays skillfully made Cuban carpets. The surroundings of the city are especially picturesque; it is practically “buried” in gardens. Moreover, the harvest from these gardens is processed at a local cannery. According to the latest data, about 18 thousand local residents live in the city.

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Guba is a resort located on the territory of Azerbaijan, 168 kilometers from Baku and is the administrative center of the region of the same name. Located at an altitude of 168 meters above sea level, on the northeastern slopes of Mount Shahdag on the right bank of the Kudial-chay river. Climate: subtropical temperate. The average temperature in winter is –10 degrees, in summer – +18 degrees.

Resort type

Climatic

Attractions

Guba is known as a carpet weaving center. Here you can visit the Juma Mosque, the Museum of History and Local Lore, a branch of the Azerbaijan University of Arts. In the vicinity of Cuba there are also rectangular Anbil mausoleums. You can visit the village of Khanalyg, located nearby, and visit the temple of Zoroastrian fire worshipers.

Entertainment

Guba is a climatic resort. Here you can walk around the surrounding area, admiring the beauty of mountain rivers, waterfalls, forests, cherry, apple, and peach orchards. Sanatoriums and boarding houses are open on the territory of Cuba, where vacationers will be offered various options for treatment and recuperation.

Hotels

You can stay at a hotel or choose accommodation in a sanatorium.

Restaurants

Try lavash, churek, fish, rice, lamb, and beef dishes. Aromatic spices are added to almost all food.

While vacationing in Quba, it is worth visiting the famous Aghbil mausoleums, the Sakina-Khanum and Juma Mosque, and a small village on the outskirts of the city - Khanalyg, where the Temple of the ancient Zoroastrian fire-worshippers, built in the ninth century, is located. Even the village residents themselves represent a unique ethnic value, being direct descendants of the most ancient Albanian tribes. Even though there were about a thousand of them left, they were able to preserve all their ancient traditions, way of life, culture and even rituals.

Story

The city was founded in the 15th century. In 1735, ruler Huseyn Ali Khan moved his residence here from Khudat, making Cuba the capital of the Kuban Khanate. In 1806, the city was occupied by Russian troops and, according to the Gulistan Peace Treaty of 1813, it was left to Russia. Since 1810, Cuba is the center of the Cuban province, then with the establishment of the Caspian region in 1840, Cuba becomes the administrative center of the Cuban district of this region. In 1846 it became a district city of the Derbent province, and in 1859 it was transferred to the Baku province.