French Naval Aviation Museum. The pilot came to school French Navy Naval Aviation Museum - musée de l’aéronautique navale

The Bay of Gryaznaya in the village of Safonovo near Murmansk is the location of the first aviation hydroairfield, which appeared in 1936. Now this place houses the Northern Fleet Aviation Museum.

Last year the museum opened after a year-long renovation. It has a new hangar for airplanes, an excellent historical exhibition... However, please follow the cat.

Be-6 monument on an island in the bay.

Before entering Safonovo there is a monument to the legendary commander of the 2nd Guards Aviation Regiment B.F. Safonov, twice awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

And near the museum there is a monument to those who died during the Second World War.

The history of the Northern Fleet Aviation Museum began in 1976. The initiators of the creation of the museum complex were the aviators themselves. Pilots, engineers and aviation technicians built, repaired and compiled the collection. The main building of the museum was the old warehouse of the reconnaissance air regiment. It took the military less than a year to reconstruct and put together the exhibitions.

Near the main building of the museum there is a monument to the MiG-15.

At the same time, schoolchildren and their parents came on the excursion with us.

The museum has three halls: wartime, memory of those killed, and the post-war period.

The exhibition presents photographic materials and documents on the history of aviation of the Northern Fleet, formed in 1936.

Particular attention is drawn to the personal belongings of veteran North Sea pilots, among whom are fifty-three Heroes of the Soviet Union.

photographs, documents, personal belongings of aviators, aircraft models from different years...

Today, six naval aviation pilots of the Northern Fleet have been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, among them Major General Timur Apakidze, who died tragically in 2001.

Real remains of bombs and shot down German planes.

The English handmade table is a gift to Safonov from the British.

Model of the TAVKR "Kuznetsov".

Correct dad.

Next to the main building is the house-museum of Yuri Gagarin - it was here that the first cosmonaut, at that time still a simple military man, lived with his family. The house was transported from the village of Korzunovo in 1983.

It recreates memorial rooms in memory of Gagarin’s wife and houses an exhibition about the service of the future cosmonaut in the Northern Fleet Air Force.

We move to a hangar with airplanes, near which tanks are displayed.

The ship's design element is a steam winch.

Anti-aircraft gun manufactured in 1943 (click).

The museum hangar houses a collection of war and post-war airplanes and helicopters. Many of them were found in the hills and restored by North Sea aviators.

Until 2013, when reconstruction began, both the hangar itself and the wiring needed repairs, there were big problems with the roof, and there were puddles.
They even say that at some point a section of the roof collapsed and damaged one of the valuable retro aircraft.

Local journalists did a whole project in support of the aviation museum, wrote a letter to the president. In the spring of 2010, Sergei Shoigu came to Safonovo. With his initiative, things took off, funding appeared, and the museum changed its status. Previously, it was a department of the Safonovo House of Officers, now it is a branch of the Naval Museum of the Northern Fleet. Now there are as many as 15 people on staff; before that, the museum had only 2 employees.

The first to greet us in the hangar is the only surviving ICBM - a naval short-range reconnaissance aircraft, the very first aircraft in the Northern Fleet aviation.
It could reach speeds of up to 245 km/h and could carry a crew of three.
The body of this machine is entirely wooden.

People called this plane a “barn.” The wooden craft took off only from the water and landed there. For the ICBM to take off, the assistance of all personnel was required. 38 people pushed the plane to the tug and removed wheels or skis from it. And only then the plane took off into the sky.

English Hurricane, which was received under Lend-Lease.

I-153

Bell P-39 Airacobra.

High-speed bomber SB-2M-103.
A total of 6,656 SB (ANT-40) aircraft of various modifications were produced. In 1940-1943 was in service with the 72nd mixed air regiment of the Northern Fleet Air Force.

I-16

On the other side.

The legendary ZIS-5.

IL-2.

Torpedo bomber Il-28T.

Since the summer of 1951, Il-28s began to enter service with naval aviation regiments. At first they were “pure” bombers, but then they decided to convert them into torpedo bombers, carriers of jet aircraft torpedoes.

For the creation of the Il-28, S.V. Ilyushin and a group of OKB designers were awarded the Stalin Prize.

Su-9 interceptor fighter.

One of the newest museum exhibits is the Ka-25PL anti-submarine helicopter.

With your own face.

The helicopter was developed by the Kamova Design Bureau, put into production in 1965 and accepted into service on December 2, 1971.
Based on it, a large number of modifications have been created for use in various fields of application.

French Navy Naval Aviation Museum - musée de l’aéronautique navale

History of the area where the museum is located
1910 - Andre Bellot visits Rochefort for the first time in his Voisin biplane. The Navy acquires its first aircraft for 25,000 francs, a Henry Farman biplane. That same year, the aviation school in Vincent trained 7 naval officers. The cruiser La Foudre becomes the world's first carrier of seaplanes.
1912 – signing of the Decree on the creation of French naval aviation
1916 – First World War. Creation of a military base, construction of hangars for servicing airships. All damaged and decommissioned balloons for the army are located here.
1923 The Naval Aeronautical School Center becomes the Naval Aviation School Center.
1933 The French Air Force establishes its school of mechanical technicians. She would leave her position in 1981 to move to a larger base in St-Agnant.
2002 July 2002 closure of C.E.A.N (Air Force training: E.F.S.O.A.A).

Airship base at the beginning of the 20th century

Airships (Zeppelins)

During the First World War, the Fantian navy used airships with a balloon airspace volume of between 2800 and 7600 cubic meters.
At the end of the First World War, France received two German Zeppelins as compensation for damage: Dixmude and Méditerranée.
The latter was delivered to Rochefort in 1923, but its length of 220 meters does not fit well into the Astra hangar, where the museum will be located until 1999
After 1931, Rochefort became the only and last center of aeronautics.
In 1937, airships disappear forever from the skies of Charente.

hangars for airships

The Second World War
On June 22, 1940, the Germans bombed the city and Rochefort base. Sixteen sailors were killed, including Rear Admiral Lartigue, the French naval aviation chief during World War II.

Creation of the Association
1988: creation of the first museum of naval aviation traditions in Rochefort, based at the Center for Naval Aviation Training (C.E.A.N) with the support of the Central Naval Air Command (SC/Aero)
November 1, 1990: The Friends of the Naval Air Museum National Association (A.N.A.M.A.N) is formed.

Museum collection
Hangar "Le Dodin"
Built in 1929, the hangar houses the museum's collection. Here are presented: aircraft, engines, equipment, military flight uniforms.

• Jaguar M 05
• MH 1521 Broussard 286
• N 262 A 43
• P2V-7 Neptune 688
• PA 31 Navajo 925
• Beechcraft SNB 5 709
• North American Harvard 820
• Piasecki Vertol H 21 C FR 63
• Super Etendard 8
• SV4C Stampe 7
• Crusader F8 E 11
• Br 1050 Alizé 4
• C 47D Dakota 716
• CM 175 Zephyr 16
• WG 13 Lynx 03
• Alouette II 1054
• Bell 47 G1 056
• MS 760 Paris 33
• Etendard IV M 7
• SA 321 G Super Frelon 160
• Caudron C800 Epervier 205
• MD 312 Flamant M 294

Hangar "Le St-Trojan"
Built in 1983 for naval training purposes, Hangar "Le St-Trojan"
has an area of ​​1500 m2.
Currently used to carry out repairs and restoration of aircraft in the museum's collection in the best conditions thanks to the repair shops attached to the hangar.
There are also aircraft here that were used to train and train naval aviation mechanics.

• SE 203 Aquilon 53
• D 520 650
• CM 175 Zephyr 1
• Sikorsky HSS1 150
• WG 13 Lynx 04
• Nacelle Zodiac V 10
• Beechcraft SNJ 25
• Br 1050 Alizé 15
• Br 1050 Alizé 1

Practical information.
guided tours are conducted by volunteers, members of the association

Museum opening hours for visitors:
Tuesday: from 9am 00-14:00 and at 15:30
Saturday: 14:00 to 15:30
By appointment only for groups
There is no entrance fee for visiting the museum, but donations for the needs of the association are required at least 6 euros per visitor
The museum will be closed on Saturday, December 31, 2016.

Getting to the museum on your own without knowing French is problematic. Considering that the museum is located near La Four, between the city of Cognac and La Rochelle, the most optimal way to visit the museum is to include it in the program of an individual tour from Paris. It is best to have a group of 2-3 people so that the cost of the tour is reduced (so to speak, “shared together”). See more details

• by car with a guide

Museum of Naval Aviation and Aeronautics of the French Navy in Rochefort

History of our school.

Reprinted from a 1988 EVVAUL publishing brochure

1. IN THE FIRE OF CIVIL WAR

The history of the Yeisk Aviation School is directly connected with the history of the origins of naval aviation, with the history of domestic aircraft construction. Already at the beginning of the twentieth century, from the first steps of aviation, attempts began to use heavier-than-air aircraft for the needs of the navy. Naval aviation began to develop especially rapidly after the creation by Russian engineer D.P. Grigorovich of the original design of seaplanes of the “Flying Boat” type in 1912. Such seaplanes began to be built for the first time in the world. The most successful were the M-5 and M-9 devices, created by the designer in 1915 and 1916.

The M-5 flying boat had a 100 hp engine. and had a flight speed of 105 km/h. The M-9 seaplane (two- and three-seat versions) was designed in such a way that there was a special compartment in the bow, where a machine gun was first installed, then it was replaced with a cannon. Four bomb racks were mounted under the wing of the aircraft. Combat load – 160 kg. The seaplane was equipped with a 150 hp engine. The vehicle had good seaworthiness and flight qualities, was mass-produced and remained in service until the end of the Civil War.

Thanks to its successful design and the possibility of combat use, the seaplane became interested abroad, and applications for the M-9 were received from the Entente countries. The tsarist government considered it possible to satisfy this request. Several cars were sold to the USA, and drawings and technical documentation were transferred to England.

In the fall of 1916, naval pilot I.I. Nagursky performed the Nesterov loop for the first time in the world on an M-9 seaplane.

With the outbreak of the First World War, the problem of training flight personnel for naval aviation immediately became acute. In July 1915, on Gutuevsky Island in Petrograd, the first naval aviation officer school in Russia was opened, which was staffed exclusively from officers. In the autumn of the same year, a branch of the naval aviation school was created in Baku.

In 1917, the naval aviation officer school was transferred to Oranienbaum.

On January 15, 1918, the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars on the creation of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was signed, and on January 25, 1918, Order No. 84 of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs was signed, which stated: “All aviation units and schools should be retained entirely for the working people. Fellow aviation workers should make every effort to preserve their property..."

It was decided to leave the Petrograd School of Naval Aviation in its old composition and in the same place in Oranienbaum, replenishing it with the necessary number of aircraft and engines. Now, on a new, Soviet basis, the school received a start in life, becoming a service to the young Soviet Republic.
According to the states, as of December 1, 1917, the school consisted of 10 detachments and 78 student pilots, of which 11 people flew independently and 67 with instructors. Among the student pilots was wartime midshipman, future famous polar aviation pilot B.G. Chukhnovsky. The aircraft fleet consisted of 12 M-5 and M-9 seaplanes, of which only five were operational. There were 140 staff members at the school.

On March 7, 1918, by order of the Naval Aviation Administration No. 243, the Petrograd School of Naval Aviation was relocated from Oranienbaum to Nizhny Novgorod.

The war situation forced the Baku school to stop all studies. In July 1918, it was liquidated, and 11 instructors, 26 accountants and 15 aviation specialists were transferred to Nizhny Novgorod for service.

In the summer of 1918, the aviation detachment, which was based on Gutuevsky Island in Petrograd, did not have enough pilots, so the aircraft mechanics themselves, who knew the equipment well and had previously flown as crew members, began to make attempts to learn how to fly, master the technique of piloting seaplanes M-5 and M-9. P. G. Eremenko became such a self-taught pilot.
And in November 1918, in connection with the unfolding of the struggle on the fronts of the civil war in Petrograd, a new naval aviation school was officially opened on Gutuevsky Island (the head of the school is S. M. Kochedykov). The task of the newly created school was to ensure in a short time the training of naval pilots from aircraft mechanics who knew the material part of aircraft.
The first instructor pilots at the school were experienced naval officers N. Melnikov, P. Eremenko, V. Glagolev, I. Pushkov, A. Ozerov, P. Sorokin, L. Kovalevsky, A. Melnitsky, L. Gixa, M. Lindel, A. Lebedev, N. Filatov.

Subsequently, by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy No. 227 dated July 31, 1943, the founding date of the school was determined as July 25, 1918.

The training of a naval pilot consisted of a theoretical course (1st department), a flight course (2nd department) and a special course - retraining for other types of aircraft, tactics, air combat, reconnaissance (3rd department). Those who successfully passed the exams were awarded the title “naval pilot”. In 1918-1919 this title was approved by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic.
After graduating from naval aviation school, pilots were usually transferred to a training detachment or directly to an aviation unit, where they finally improved their acquired flying skills.

In connection with Yudenich’s attack on Petrograd, pilots of the Petrograd School of Naval Aviation from May 1, 1919, together with pilots of the Naval Aerobatics School, participated in combat operations, carried out reconnaissance, bombing and photographing the enemy’s location. After the defeat of Yudenich in mid-October 1919, the school resumed its work.

In September 1919, the Nizhny Novgorod naval aviation school was transferred to Samara, and in December of the same year, the naval aviation school from Petrograd was also relocated there. In June 1920, they united into the Naval Aviation School (chief - naval officer N.P. Korolev, commissioner - M.F. Pogodin).
The main base of the school was the barge "Eupraxia", which was equipped with special hangars for storing and repairing seaplanes.
In total there were 70 people registered at the school. They flew mainly in the spring and summer. An attempt to fly from snow cover (ice) when the Volga was frozen was unsuccessful.
At the end of school, each student received a certificate with grades assigned to each subject.

Study conditions were difficult. There were not enough planes, engines, fuel, food, and uniforms. However, no one grumbled or complained about the difficulties.
Under these conditions, the command and party organization of the school carry out a great deal of political, cultural and educational work among the students and permanent staff. The commander's demands are increasing. A persistent struggle is being waged against flight accidents and the preconditions for them, especially against “recklessness.” The task assigned to the school is being solved successfully.

During the entire period of the Civil War, 120 flight technical personnel were trained in naval aviation schools.

Pupils of the school fought bravely on the fronts of the civil war, showing courage and resourcefulness. So, on the initiative and leadership of Krasvoenmorlet N.S. Melnikov, on the night of June 24, 1919, on four M-20 seaplanes, accompanied by two Nieuport fighters, a group night raid was carried out on the airfield and enemy ships. All 6 aircraft reached the target without interference and bombed. A fire broke out at the airfield as a result of bomb explosions.
The first red naval pilots who fought on the Volga were I. A. Svinarev and S. E. Stolyarsky. They conducted aerial reconnaissance, fired and bombed enemy ships, batteries and troops. During the intense period of the struggle for Kazan, reconnaissance and bombing pilots had to fly under artillery and machine gun fire, often descending to fire at enemy troops to a height of 50-30 meters. From August 29 to September 10, 1918, Stolyarsky and Svinaryov flew 40 hours each.

The intensity of the combat use of naval aviation especially increased during the liquidation of Wrangel's White Guard army in October-November 1920.
Over 1,300 combat flight hours and about 650 pounds of bombs dropped on enemy troops and ships - this is the combat account of naval pilots of the Black and Azov Seas for 1920. In the battles for Crimea, naval pilots E. Koshelev, M. Korovkin, E. Lukht, A. Shlyapnikov, S. Kochedykov particularly distinguished themselves.

In March 1921, the aviation of the Baltic Fleet took part in the suppression of the counter-revolutionary Kronshtat rebellion. During 13 days of hostilities, 100 bombs with a total weight of 65 pounds, 50 pounds of literature were dropped on the rebel ships and military installations on Kotlin Island, and films and photographs were taken. The commander of the 7th Army, M. N. Tukhachevsky, and the head of the republic’s air fleet, A. V. Sergeev, noted that “of all the squadrons, Moraviation is the best disciplined in terms of accurately completing the task.” For excellent performance of combat missions, naval pilots D. Antipov, A. Taskinen, A. Komarov, L. Kovalevsky, M. Lindel were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

2. WINGS STRENGTHEN IN FLIGHT

The location of the school, its headquarters, educational department, logistics services, personnel, the presence of sudden changes in climate, and the insufficient number of flying sunny days in the Samara region confronted the school management with the need to find a new location for its base. The most suitable place to locate a naval aviation school was found in one of the bays in the Sevastopol area.

In 1922, the United School of Naval Aviation from Samara was relocated to Sevastopol in Kruglaya Bay. Here it receives higher forms of its organization, staff increases, and the methods of flight and theoretical training of accountants are improved. On May 31, 1923, the school became known as the Higher School of Red Sea Pilots. The school did not last long in Round Bay. Although the bay did not freeze, it was open to winds from the sea, and this often led to the disruption of flights.
Relocation to Kilen Bay, then to Holland Bay. Chiefs are changing, the aircraft fleet is being updated - the school receives seaplanes MU - 1, S - 16, MR - 1. A solid curriculum is being established, and the requirements for the quality of training of flight personnel are being increased. In addition to pilots, the school trains observer pilots (navigators) and aircraft mechanics. The school is expanding due to the formation of training air squads, the commanders of which were V. Molokov, V. Myrsov, I. Shner.

The sky of Sevastopol became crowded. Therefore, it was ordered to relocate the school to the Yeisk area. Since July 1931, the school settled in Kuban and became subordinate to the North Caucasus Military District. Work immediately began at the naval airfield. They began to master wheeled aircraft. The aircraft fleet is replenished with such machines as R - 1, U - 2, R - 5.
It should be noted that the party and Soviet bodies, the working people of the cities of Yeisk and Kuban then showed sensitivity and attention to the aviators. Since then and to this day, there has been a strong bond of friendship and mutual assistance between the school and its residents.

Together with the entire country, the Red Army developed and strengthened. On the basis of achievements in the construction of socialism, its radical reorganization and technical re-equipment were carried out. Much attention was still paid to the Air Force. Measures were taken to ensure that our aviation flew higher, further and faster than anyone else.

Along with the creation of new combat aircraft, great care was taken to train highly qualified personnel.
The IX Congress of the Komsomol, on behalf of the three million Leninist Komsomol, decided to take patronage over the Air Force of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The cry “Komsomolets on the plane!” was thrown out. Hundreds of volunteers are mastering flying on Komsomol vouchers.

One of the leading centers for the training of flight and technical personnel in those years was the Yeisk Aviation School. At the school, political workers, army commanders and navigators master flight skills so that, having mastered the technology, they can better lead air units and formations.

In July 1932, the school was visited by the People's Commissar of Military and Naval Forces K.E. Voroshilov. After the inspection, the order of the Revolutionary Military Council noted that the school took first place in the Air Force among military educational institutions. On Aviation Day in 1933, the Revolutionary Military Council awarded the school a large cash prize, and the USSR Central Executive Committee awarded it the Red Banner, which is kept in the school’s history museum to this day.

The power of the country of the Soviets grew stronger, and Soviet aviation also strengthened. The pilots performed miracles in mastering military equipment and vigilantly guarded the borders of their homeland.

For heroism and courage in everyday flight, students of the naval pilot school are awarded high government awards. A large group of pilots, technicians, political workers and teachers of the school are awarded orders for outstanding success in mastering combat aviation equipment and skillful leadership of the combat and political training of the Red Army Air Force.
The school students were the first to come to the aid of the crew and passengers of the Chelyuskin steamship, crushed by the ice of the Arctic Ocean. On March 5, 1934, Anatoly Lyapidevsky made his way to the Chelyuskin camp in his TB-1 (ANT-4) plane and took out 12 people. A month and two days later, other pilots broke through to the camp through snowstorms and fogs. On April 13, 1934, the last group of Chelyuskinites was taken to the mainland. The pilot V.S. Molokov took the most from the ice floe. He carried 39 people on a two-seater plane over nine flights.
A few days later, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR established the highest distinction - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. On April 20, 1934, seven pilots were the first to be awarded this title. Four of them are graduates of the naval pilot school - A. V. Lyapidevsky, S. A. Levanevsky, V. S. Molokov and I. V. Doronin.

In 1935, the Central Committee of the Komsomol assigned the Komsomol organization of the capital of our Motherland, Moscow, as the head of the naval pilot school. The patronage and friendly ties between Muscovites and naval aviators continued for many years. The school maintained the same connections with the youth of the cities of Sevastopol, Nikolaev, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar, Taganrog...

The Yeisk Morlet School was a monolithic creative team and became a wide-profile educational institution. Here they trained pilots on I-15, I-16, SB, MRB-2 and other aircraft, and trained navigators, technicians, radio and aviation specialists. In fact, the school corresponded to the rank of the college.

On April 20, 1937, the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR was announced to transform the school into a naval aviation school.

World war was brewing. The world was covered with clouds of fascism. In the East, Japanese militarists launched a war against the Chinese people. The war filled the Iberian Peninsula with fire. Many students of the school, as part of the international brigades, fought courageously in the skies of Spain and fought on the Khalkhin Gol River. Four of them - pilots A. Zaitsev, I. Proskurov, navigators I. Dushkin, G. Prokofiev were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Suffice it to say that Alexander Zaitsev shot down 9 fascist vultures in the skies of Spain, and Gabriel Prokofiev, flying in the crew of N. A. Ostryakov, caused serious damage to the German battleship Deutschland.
Other students of the school also fought as volunteers in the skies of Republican Spain, including V. Bagrov, N. Gumenny, V. Dmitrievsky, A. Sviridov, B. Takhtarov, V. Troshkin.

For courage and heroism in helping the Chinese people in the fight against imperialist Japan, students of the school I. Selivanov and N. Novozrenov were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Many bright pages were written in the history of the Soviet Army by the students of the school in battles with the White Finns, who fought with the enemy in 1939-40 as part of the Air Force units of the Baltic Fleet. For exemplary performance of command tasks, 270 students were awarded orders of the USSR, and I. D. Borisov, V. I. Rakov, A. A. Gubriy, A. I. Krokhmalev, F. N. Radus, G. P. Gubanov, P V. Kondratyev, I. F. Balashov, V. M. Savchenko, V. M. Kharlamov, S. M. Shuvalov - became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

Just two episodes from that time.
On February 29, 1940, one of our bombers was damaged and was forced to land in the ice on enemy territory. Then F. Radus chose a site among the hummocky ice, made a brilliant landing, removed the crew of the downed plane and delivered it to his airfield.
In December 1939, the squadron of Captain V. Rakov received the task of launching a bomb attack on one of the enemy’s coastal targets. While carrying out the mission, Vasily Rakov's SB plane was fired upon by anti-aircraft fire. The left engine failed, but the pilot approached the target on one engine, completed the task, and only after that returned to the airfield with his squadron.

Paying tribute to the heroic deeds of the school's students, those who glorified the Yeisk school in the pre-war years should also remember those who gave them a ticket to heaven. These are comrades: Z. M. Pomerantsev, N. N. Bazhanov, V. S. Molokov, S. A. Levanevsky, V. I. Myrsov, Kh. A. Rozhdestvensky, T. K. Korop, N. V. Chelnokov , I. M. Sukhomlin, N. A. Naumov, V. N. Valtsefer, A. V. Vinogradov, L. B. Balayan, I. M. Piskarev, V. T. Melnikov, A. M. Makarov, M . A. Efimov, V. G. Churakov...
To have an idea of ​​what instructor pilots were like in the pre-war years, let’s get to know at least one of them. Good rumors circulated at the school about V.G. Churakov. He developed a fail-safe system for training future pilots in all cases. In accordance with the individual qualities of his charges, he selected in each individual case his own special key to the soul of the pupil. The commanders said about him: “A sensitive, strictly individual approach to training cadets is a characteristic feature of the pilot-instructor Churakov.”
There were quite a few instructors at the school like Vasily Georgievich Churakov. And when the war broke out, he selflessly defended the skies of Kuban and died in battle.

3. TRIAL BY FIRE

During the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War, the school's aviators, like all Soviet people, brought up in the spirit of selfless devotion to the Motherland, did not spare either their strength or their lives to defeat the Nazi invaders.

The personnel of the school, in addition to the main task - training - was engaged in the construction of defensive structures, provided air defense cover for their area, industrial and military facilities. The 9th Fighter Air Cover Squadron (commanded by Captain K.N. Popov) and the 8th Air Retraining Squadron in September-October 1941 made 132 sorties to repel enemy raids and shot down two fascist bombers.

Squadron pilots Grigory Tsypkovsky, Vasily Churakov, brothers Yuri and Konstantin Tsvetkov fought bravely with the fascist vultures. The first to shoot down enemy planes were pilots Konstantin Naumov and Evgeniy Simonchuk. And in just 1941, 27 vultures were shot down in the skies of Yeisk. The aircraft of the cover squadron patrolled over the city and the commercial port, through which ammunition and weapons were sent for the units of the Red Army and Navy defending Crimea. The ships of the Azov flotilla were also located here.

A naval school for initial training pilots was formed on the basis of the naval aviation squadron. Until the end of the war, the school trained pilots mainly to fly fighters, partly to fly bombers and attack aircraft.

From July 1941, cadet training began to last from several months to a year. During the training, the main attention was paid to developing practical flying skills. The number of flights along the route, aerial firing, and air combat was increased. The cadets graduated from the school prepared to use radio equipment. All releases were made only on combat materiel. An individual continuous training system for cadets will be introduced. This means that the most capable completed the training course faster than a continuous flow of pilots was ensured. In certain periods, training squadrons provided 10-12 fighter pilots to the front every week.

The instructor pilot did not leave the cockpit for 8-10 hours.
The school retrained pilots and engineering and technical staff of fleet aviation on new materiel, as well as those called up from the reserves. During the war years, the school formed and sent 9 aviation regiments, 18 separate squadrons to the front, 421 aircraft and 308 permanent pilots were allocated for this purpose, and in especially difficult periods 400 cadets and Red Navy personnel were sent to the front.

In September 1941, the school moved to Mozdok. 274 aircraft, more than two hundred vehicles, 975 carriages or 17 trains with property, personnel and their families left for the east. In August 1942 we moved again. Now to the village of Borskoye, Kuibyshev region. The length of the ground echelon route was over 5000 km. (via the Caspian Sea - Central Asia - the Urals). The air route was shorter - 1600 km. At the new location, personnel will first equip 4 airfields, then there will be eleven of them. And at all the airfields work did not stop for days, despite the frosts and drifts. They lived in dugouts.

At the beginning of 1943, new La-5 and Yak-9 fighters were received.

The personnel helped the front in any way they could. He gave all his strength to defeat the enemy. They collected funds for the defense fund, harvested the fields of collective and state farms, and gave lectures and concerts in the fields.

The party and government highly appreciated the work of the school. For exemplary training of pilots, 400 permanent personnel were awarded orders and medals. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 24, 1943, the school was awarded the Order of Lenin for outstanding success in training command personnel for the Air Force of the Navy and great services to the Motherland.
In return for the high reward, the cadets swore an oath to perform all training tasks only well and excellently.

The enemy was expelled from Soviet land. On October 11, 1943, the school received an order to return to Yeysk. Here the educational building, hangars, the House of the Red Army and Navy, and residential buildings were turned into ruins. Everything had to be restored. The school was responsible for the air defense of the city. A flight of fighters was in constant readiness at the airfield. Five anti-aircraft batteries were on duty on the shore. They were served by cadets. Personnel training continued, the headquarters building, flight training department, and cockpits were restored on our own.

The students of the Yeisk School wrote many bright pages in the heroic chronicle of the Great Patriotic War. Thousands of his pets fought on all fronts of the war. More than half of the naval aviation pilots were students of our school. It is enough to note that during the war years, Navy aviation was the most active branch of the naval forces. It sank 67% of combat and auxiliary ships and about 57% of enemy transport ships from among those sunk by all forces of the active fleets during the war years. 5,509 enemy aircraft were destroyed by naval aviation, of which 4,495 were shot down in air battles; 382 transports and 410 combat and auxiliary ships were sunk, 214 transports and 455 ships were damaged; 1,523 tanks, 110 tankettes, 1 armored train, 150 armored vehicles, 9,443 vehicles, hundreds of artillery batteries, pillboxes and bunkers, warehouses, railway trains and over 135 thousand enemy soldiers and officers were destroyed. Over 40 thousand tons of bombs were dropped on the heads of the fascists. And much of the credit for this belongs to the students of the school.

From the first days of the war, the students of the school showed massive heroism. Despite the fact that most pilots in the initial period fought on aircraft of outdated designs, they boldly entered into battle with the enemy and won.

Among the hundreds of heroes of ramming strikes, there are those who gained wings in the skies of the Kuban, within the walls of the Yeisk Aviation School. Pyotr Brinko, Mikhail Borisov, Yakov Ivanov...a total of thirty-five air rams were carried out by students of the school.

Gastell pilots died in territory occupied by the enemy. They were not seen off on their last journey with farewell fireworks. For a long time, stories about their exploits seemed like front-line legends. Now many names of the heroes of the fiery rams are known. Among them are over fifty students of the school.

Among the defenders of the “road of life,” pilot Semyon Gorgul stood out for his fearlessness. In November 1941, a group of Messerschmitts tried to break through to the road across Lake Ladoga. The pilot Gorgul on his “hawk” rushed across her. One “Messer” has already collapsed. The second one caught fire. In an unequal battle, Semyon's fighter was shot down and the pilot was seriously wounded. But Semyon continued the fight. He had the strength to land his wounded car on the ice of the lake. The Nazis, deciding to take revenge on the brave warrior, fired at his plane with machine guns and cannons for a long time. And Semyon lay on the ice and wrote in his own blood in his notebook: “Farewell, Leningraders! Victory will be ours…"

The son of sunny Azerbaijan, Huseyn Baba - ogly Aliyev, having received numerous wounds in an air battle, bleeding, continued to fight with the enemies. He shot down two vultures that were eager to bomb Leningrad. Only when all the ammunition was expended did the pilot, having gathered his last strength, leave the battle and safely land his plane. Doctors counted about thirty wounds on Husein’s body. Almost all the wounds were fatal. It is difficult to find words to adequately appreciate the feat of this courageous man.

Alexey Antonenko shot down 11 enemy aircraft in the first month of the war, and his combat friend Pyotr Brinko destroyed 15 vultures, mostly bombers, in two and a half months, including 2 Me - rammed 110. But they flew I-16 fighters, whose combat qualities no longer met the requirements of air combat during the Second World War.

One of the bridges over the Narva River was guarded by a flight of I-153 aircraft of the 71st Air Regiment under the command of Lieutenant V.A. Mikhaleva. The pilots had to make five to six flights a day. On July 18, 1941, Vladimir Mikhalev had just landed after repelling another enemy raid. Before the mechanics had time to replenish the ammunition, a message was received that a German bomber was breaking through to the bridge. Mikhalev's fighter stood alone on the field. Every minute is precious. Without hesitation, Mikhalev soared into the air again. “You, Mikhalev, don’t have shells and cartridges, but you have a heart and a head,” the air fighter convinced himself as he approached the enemy. "Heinkel -126" was already at the target. Another second - and bombs will fall on the bridge, and traffic on the Tallinn-Leningrad highway will be stopped...

The pilot launched a frontal attack. The Heinkel did not have time to turn away. The planes collided. “The seagull was thrown upward and then tilted steeply. But still the plane stayed in the air. And the bomber crashed to the ground and exploded with its own bombs. The bridge was saved. With a dangling aileron, no upper right plane, and broken propeller blades, Vladimir safely landed his Chaika on the airfield. This was the first ram carried out in the skies of the Baltic.

V. A. Mikhalev continued to fight bravely. On February 12, 1944, consisting of 6 LaGG-3 fighters, it entered into battle with 45 bombers, which were covered by 25 enemy fighters. In this battle he personally shot down 2 bombers.

The whole world knows how, in difficult conditions, when heavily armed fascist hordes were rushing into the depths of our country, students of the school made the first raid on Berlin. The air raids of the Red Star bombers on the capital of Nazi Germany were harbingers of future victories and reminded the Hitler clique of the retribution that awaited them. The first raid was carried out on the night of August 8, 1941 under the command of Colonel E. N. Preobrazhensky, commander of the 1st mine-torpedo air regiment and flag navigator of the regiment, Captain P. I. Khokhlov. The Berlin operation lasted about a month, 52 sorties were made from the Cahul airfield (Saaremaa island in the Gulf of Finland). Il-4 aircraft carried up to 1000 kg of bombs. Bombing was carried out from a height of 5,000 meters at military facilities, railway stations, and factories. In seven hours of flight time, the crews managed to bomb Berlin and return to their airfield.

The raids of our aviation on Berlin in 1941 were of great political and international significance. They raised the morale of the Soviet people, instilled confidence in their abilities and in victory over the insidious enemy, and exposed the false fascist propaganda that claimed that Soviet aviation no longer existed. The explosions of Soviet bombs in Berlin were heard around the world.

Long-range aviation pilots, among whom were also students of the school, also successfully carried out a raid on Berlin from the Aste airfield.
For the first raids on Berlin, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to students of the school E. N. Preobrazhensky, P. I. Khokhlov, V. A. Grechishnikov, V. I. Malygin.
Evgraf Ryzhov was the first in the Black Sea Fleet to carry out an air ram; on July 27, 1941, in a battle with the German reconnaissance aircraft Heinkel-111, the machine guns on his fighter failed. Then the pilot slashed at the tail of the fascist pirate with the propeller blades, debris flew, and the Heinkel fell into the sea. The engine on Ryzhov's plane failed. I had to land the fighter in the sea. The plane sank. The pilot survived. For his feat he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. He continued to fight. In total, during the war years he shot down 11 enemy aircraft personally and 6 in a group. Awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

On November 12, 1941, pilot Yakov Matveevich Ivanov destroyed a Xe-111 bomber that was going to bomb Sevastopol with a ramming attack, and landed his plane safely at the airfield. A few days later, he shot down 2 more enemy planes in the skies of Sevastopol. On November 17, 1941, junior lieutenant Ivanov was again in battle. 31 Yu-88 bombers flew into the main base of the Black Sea Fleet. In an air battle, Yakov again shoots down two planes, one of them with a ramming attack. The pilot died heroically. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded posthumously.

N. T. Khrustalev was an instructor pilot for a number of years. The war has begun. He submitted a report to the commander: “...I consider it my duty to ask you to second me to an active unit. All my adult life I have been preparing to stand up for my people in difficult times. My place is at the front, in the first ranks of the fighters. I swear to carry with honor through all trials the title of member of the Leninist Party, the title of pilot of our great country.” And on September 20, 1941, a squadron of fighter-attack aircraft under the command of N. Khrustalev took off from the airfield of the village of Staroshcherbinovskaya and headed for the Crimean Peninsula.
Combat sorties followed one after another. 3-4 times a day Nikolai Khrustalev led his pilots to destroy enemy columns rushing to Crimea.

On November 5, two columns of tanks, armored personnel carriers, and vehicles were discovered in the gardens of the Belbek Valley, aiming at Sevastopol. Two squadrons took off to attack the front line in the area of ​​the village of Malo-Sadovoe. The second squadron was led by Captain Khrustalev. We approached the target and began to destroy the enemy. A group of fascist fighters appeared. An air battle ensued. N. Khrustalev's car caught fire. Then Nikolai Titovich sent his plane to the accumulation of enemy equipment. There was a strong explosion. This is how the fearless pilot N. T. Khrustalev gave his life for his homeland. For this feat he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, posthumously.

Sergeant L.I. Sevryukov arrived at the 7th Fighter Aviation Regiment at the end of 1941. As an excellent student, he was left at the school as an instructor, but he exercised the right to choose his place of service. At the front, Leonid immediately became involved in the combat activities of the regiment. Until April 1942, he carried out 151 combat missions and shot down 4 enemy aircraft in air battles. On April 28, 1942, fascist aircraft raided the Novorossiysk naval base several times. While repelling the raids, our fighters carried out 11 air battles, during which 3 bombers were shot down, two of them were destroyed by Leonid Sevryukov: he shot down one, and rammed the other and died, immortalizing his name, which is forever included in the lists of one of the units. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded posthumously.

Hero of the Soviet Union Stefan Efimovich Voitenko participated in the Great Patriotic War as part of the Black Sea Fleet aviation. In just 3 months of fighting, he made 59 combat missions: he hit ground targets, shot down 4 fighters in the air and destroyed 2 on the ground. He skillfully trained his subordinates and personally led the pilots of his squadron and then the regiment into battle. He flew 241 combat missions during the war. In addition to the two downed planes in the war with the White Finns, he chalked up 12 more fascist vultures, destroying three of them in just one air battle over Novorossiysk.

A student of Stefan Voitenko, pilot, junior lieutenant Mikhail Alekseevich Borisov opened his combat account on July 7, 1942, by shooting down an enemy bomber in the Novorossiysk area. On August 9, he shoots down another enemy plane. On August 10, 1942, the regiment's pilots took part in repelling an enemy air raid on Novorossiysk. Having entered into battle with 5 bombers, Borisov knocked out one of them, but his plane caught fire. Having gained altitude and developed speed, he directed his burning LaGG-3 fighter at the enemy bomber. During the fall, the rammed Xe-111 touched another plane, and it crashed with its tail broken down. M.A. Borisov died the death of the brave in this battle. His name is included forever in the lists of the N air unit. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded posthumously on May 6, 1965.

On September 18, 1942, defending the city of Gelendzhik from fascist air raids, a student of the school, Semyon Mukhin, performed a heroic feat.
This is how his battle with the enemy is described in the brochure “Heroes of the Black Sea Sky” (Voenizdat, Moscow, 1972): “...a twin-engine Focke-Wulf-189 aircraft appeared in the vicinity of Gelendzhik.” It was nicknamed the “frame” for its double-beam fuselage. The crew of the “frame” adjusted the fire of their long-range artillery.
A pair of LaGG-3s of the 62nd regiment took off from the Gelendzhik airfield. The leader is captain Semyon Mukhin, the follower is lieutenant Boris Maslov.
The Black Sea men attacked the spotter. The crew of the “frame” fought back furiously, trying to escape towards the sea. Mukhin was wounded in the left arm.
- Destroy the enemy at any cost! - the regiment commander, Major V.I. Vasiliev, ordered over the radio.
Communist Mukhin caught up with the Fokker and pulled the trigger. But the ammunition ran out. Then, in front of his fellow soldiers and townspeople, he hit the tail of the “frame” with the propeller blades. The hero was thrown out of the cabin. The wounded pilot managed to open his parachute and began to descend into the sea. But the fight didn't end there. Two Nazis from the Focke-Wulf crew were hanging by parachutes almost at the same height as Mukhin. Seized with anger, the Nazis began to shoot at him with pistols.
Those who saw the unusual continuation of the fight from the ground were filled with concern for the life of the pilot. Someone even shouted:
- Shoot them, the scoundrels!
Semyon Mukhin returned fire. The captain fired without a miss. Semyon Stepanovich splashed down safely and was picked up by a boat. Soon he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Before the end of the war, he shot down 7 more enemy aircraft.

A true example of heroism was shown by North Sea pilot Zakhar Artemovich Sorokin. He fought in the 72nd Air Regiment (from January 1942 - 2nd Guards), which was then commanded by the famous pilot B.F. Safonov. Until October 25, 1941, Zakhar Sorokin had 5 shot down enemy aircraft. In one air battle, his plane was shot down and the pilot was wounded. Forced to land 30 km from his airfield. After 6 days, with frostbitten feet, Zakhar reached his unit. He spent 14 months in the hospital and was left without the feet of both legs. He was declared unfit for flying work, but still managed to return to his native regiment. And here he is again in combat formation. On March 23, the sixth enemy plane was shot down. In total, he has 13 personally shot down aircraft and 5 in a group. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on August 19, 1944.

Hero of the Soviet Union Vasily Ivanovich Minakov fought on a torpedo bomber. He carried out bombing attacks on enemy military targets and ports, flew to minelaying sites, delivered cargo to Crimean partisans, and flew out for long-range reconnaissance. But most of all he makes most of his flights to search for transport at sea. In just two years (from May 1942 to July 1944) he carried out 206 successful combat missions, including 71 at night. Destroyed 13 enemy transports (7 personally and 6 in a group) with a total displacement of 36,500 tons, 5 anti-aircraft batteries, 4 ammunition depots, 5 dry cargo barges, 7 high-speed barges, a tugboat, a minesweeper, 4 patrol boats, and many other equipment, In air battles he shot down 4 enemy planes.
Candidate of Naval Sciences, Major General of Aviation Vasily Ivanovich Minakov is engaged in extensive scientific and literary activities. His books “The Front to the Sky”, “Under the Wing of Tsemes Bay”, “Commanders of Winged Battleships”, “The Angry Sky of Taurida” are eagerly read by both cadets and veterans.

Ivan Ivanovich Borzov went from a cadet at the Yeisk Aviation School to an air marshal. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he was deputy squadron commander of the 1st mine and torpedo air regiment. In October 1943, he actually proved the possibility of torpedoing ships along the lunar path, sinking an enemy transport with a displacement of 5,000 tons. He was the first to successfully use the radar method for detecting sea targets. In total, he has 6 sunk enemy transports to his combat account. In the post-war years he commanded the Northern Fleet Air Force, the Red Banner Baltic Fleet Air Force, and from 1962 to 1974. - Commander of Naval Aviation.

Vasily Fedorovich Golubev fought bravely and selflessly against the fascist evil spirits from the first to the last days of the Great Patriotic War. He stormed ground troops, destroyed the enemy, defending the naval base of Hanko and Leningrad. Caused enormous damage to enemy aircraft. He flew on combat missions 546 times, conducted 133 air battles and shot down 39 aircraft, 16 of them personally. On his chest shine 2 Orders of Lenin, 7 Orders of the Red Banner, the Golden Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union, and other military awards. Served in the Armed Forces until 1975. He was transferred to the reserve with the rank of lieutenant general of aviation.

Three brothers - Victor, Vasily and Vladimir Snesarev graduated from college. In the first battles over Sevastopol, Vasily and Victor died. Vladimir swore an oath to fight for three. During the war he made 313 combat missions. In air battles he shot down 24 enemy aircraft. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on May 16, 1944.

And his fellow soldier in the 11th Guards Air Regiment of the Black Sea Fleet, Vladimir Narzhimsky, shot down 13 planes personally and 5 in pairs. In August 1942, he sent 8 enemy aircraft to the bottom of the sea. In two October days of 1942, he shot down 6 enemy aircraft. There was even a case when an entire squadron of Romanian cavalry surrendered to V.A. Narzhimsky. Here is how it was. Returning from a combat mission with his wingman, V. Narzhimsky saw cavalry galloping along the road. The ammunition is not completely used up. And since there is a goal, then it should be put into action. Attack! But the Romanians realized what it smelled like and raised their hands to the sky. The pilots had no choice but to show the direction to the nearest Soviet unit.

In the first days of the war, naval pilots took the oath “Motherland!” While our hands hold the helm of the plane, while our eyes see the ground, while blood flows in our veins, we will exterminate the fascists, not knowing fear, not knowing pity, despising death.”
They kept their oath.
Many students of the school fought against the Nazi invaders as part of the Red Army Air Force.

Konstantin Vasilyevich Sukhov graduated from college in 1942, since 1943 he has been a pilot of the 9th Guards Air Division, a student of the famous ace A.I. Pokryshkin. Liberates Kuban, Donbass, Ukraine, Moldova. Shoots down enemy planes in the skies of Poland and Germany. He spent his last air booms over Berlin and Prague, already as a squadron commander. He made 297 combat missions and personally shot down 22 enemy aircraft in air battles. He was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on June 27, 1945.

His friend from college, Mikhail Ivanovich Shcherbina, fought bravely with the enemy, having flown 300 combat missions during the war years and repeatedly flying behind enemy lines to join the partisans. Pilots Nikolai Martynov, Alexander Sukhovtsev and other classmates of K.V. Sukhov, who, having retired to the reserve, took up literary activity, also selflessly fought the enemy. He published his memories in magazines and newspapers. In 1983, his book “The Squadron Fights” was published. The book is colorfully designed, cadets eagerly read it, and reading conferences have been held on it several times.
Major Romanenko Alexander Sergeevich graduated from college in 1933. During the war, participating in 85 air battles, he personally shot down 18 enemy aircraft and 5 in a group. He was the commander of a fighter aviation regiment. On November 6, 1943, he died in an air battle during the liberation of the city of Kyiv.

A particularly great contribution to the victory over the enemy was made by the students of the school - twice Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Mikhail Vasilyevich Kuznetsov, as a former pilot instructor, believing that in battle, personal example, first of all, skillfully led his subordinates in the air. He flew 345 combat missions, conducted 72 air battles, personally shot down 22 enemy aircraft and 6 in group battles. He instilled in his subordinates fearlessness and hatred of the enemy and raised a whole galaxy of air aces. In his regiment, 12 pilots became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

Alexey Efimovich Mazurenko flew a bomber, then mastered the Il-2. He made 279 combat missions, sank personally and in a group about 50 ships and transports, destroyed 10 aircraft and many other enemy equipment.

Vasily Ivanovich Rakov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the successful completion of combat missions of the command in the war with the White Finns. During the Great Patriotic War, he made 170 combat missions, sank 10 ships, and destroyed 2 railway bridges. In the post-war years, Aviation Major General V.I. Rakov taught at the Naval Academy, professor, doctor of naval sciences.

In the first 9 months, Nikolai Vasilyevich Chelnokov personally destroyed over 40 tanks. Smashed the enemy in the Baltic and Black Sea. He taught his subordinates to sink enemy ships not only during the day, but also at night. He developed and applied the method of top-mast bombing from Il-2 aircraft. Made 227 successful combat missions.

There were legends about Nelson Georgievich Stepanyan at the front. During the three years of the war, he made over 240 combat missions, personally sank 13 enemy ships and transports, destroyed up to 5,000 soldiers and officers, 25 aircraft, 85 tanks, 14 guns, 600 vehicles. During one of the attacks on an enemy transport, Nelson Stepanyan's attack aircraft was severely damaged: the aileron and part of the stabilizer were torn off by a shell, but the pilot did not leave the battle until he sank the transport. In December 1944, in an air battle with 30 fascist fighters, a group of attack aircraft led by N. Stepanyan shot down 10 vultures. The hero died in this battle. The title of twice Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded posthumously.

The names of many students of the school became a symbol of greatness of spirit, combat skill, and unbending will to win.
In many cities of our Motherland, streets are named after students of the school. Motor ships, trawlers, scientific vessels with the names of Leonid Sevryukov, Evgeny Preobrazhensky, Alexey Renzaev, Pavel Belyaev, Vasily Grechishnikov ply the oceans, seas and rivers...
For immortal exploits they are forever included in the lists of Navy aviation units:

ADONKIN Vasily Semenovich
BASHTYRKOV Andrey Andreevich
BORISOV Mikhail Alekseevich
VERBITSKY Mikhail Konstantinovich
KATUNIN Ilya Borisovich
KISILEV Vasily Nikolaevich
KONDRASHIN Andrey Kuzmich
ORLOV Pavel Ivanovich
SEVRYUKOV Leonid Ivanovich
FRANTSEV Evgeniy Ivanovich
KHRYAEV Vasily Ilyich
LOPATIN Karp Kuzmich
CHERNOPASHCHENKO Vasily Evgrafovich
SHUBIKOV Arseny Vasilievich

A student of the school, Honored Military Pilot of the USSR, Aviation Colonel General A.P. Yolkin recalls: “During my formative years as an officer, I was fortunate to serve under the command of front-line pilots Heroes of the Soviet Union N.A. Naumov and I.I. Borzov. The school of combat training, which I went through under their leadership, became the core of my whole life. No matter what command positions I subsequently held, no matter what new fighters I mastered, I always checked myself with the question: how would my first commanders evaluate what I had done and achieved? What distinguished them, front-line soldiers, was their high professional competence, their exactingness towards themselves and their subordinates, combined with fatherly concern for us, young pilots. In their actions we saw the main thing for ourselves: everything that is done must be of the highest quality. The personal example of the front-line soldiers was literally in everything: in flying, in appearance and bearing, in the authorized manner of address and intelligence; we were captivated by their erudition, accessibility and simplicity. They remained leaders in their field for my generation.

The respect and gratitude of our people for the heroes of the Great Patriotic War is limitless.
Based on their exploits, more and more new generations of people are brought up, they learn courage, bravery and perseverance, unlimited loyalty to the highest ideals. The people honor the memory of those who fell on the battlefield. Majestic memorials and modest obelisks, works of art and literature preserve their names.”

4. NEW HEIGHTS

The war has died down. The school reorganized its work according to the peacetime program. Pilots with extensive combat experience are appointed to command positions. The teaching staff was replenished with front-line pilots.
Along with their studies, cadets and all personnel take an active part in the restoration of office premises, housing stock, improvement of the town, and in the construction of a sports base.
At the end of 1945, the first post-war graduation of pilots on the Yak-9 and La-7 aircraft took place.
Much attention is paid to theoretical training. The school switches to a 3-year training period.

Aviation with piston engines is becoming history and is being replaced by jet aircraft. In the summer of 1950, jet technology was received - MiG-15 aircraft, the speed of which is one and a half times higher than the speed of fighters with piston engines. On September 28, 1950, the first jet plane took off into the skies of Yeysk. And the first to fly to the school on its own was the deputy head of the school, Colonel A. Azevich.
In parallel with the development of new technology, the flight crew learns to fly in difficult weather conditions day and night. And in 1952, the country was given the first graduation of pilots who could fly the MiG-15 aircraft.
In the second half of 1956, the school transferred to the system of the Air Force of the Soviet Army. From that time on, it became known as the Yeisk Military Aviation School of Pilots.

In accordance with the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, from May 1959 the school became a higher school, and a 4-year period of study was established. Life and new aircraft technology required high knowledge, skillful operation and maximum use of the capabilities of modern aircraft from flight personnel.
The restructuring of the entire educational process began. General scientific departments (mathematics, physics, chemistry, technical mechanics, etc.) are created in the flight training department. A new period in the life of the school began - the training of general-purpose pilots capable of perfectly controlling aircraft and fighting the enemy in any conditions. The first academic year of the higher school program began on October 15, 1959.

A new qualitative leap in aviation – the sound barrier has been broken. Since the late 50s, airplanes began to fly at supersonic speeds. Colonel A. Ya. Denisenko was the first to fly to the school on a supersonic plane. The flight crew successfully mastered the new technology and began training cadets on it.
The pilots' flying skills have increased significantly. All instructor pilots became excellent specialists. And Major Sokolov, captains Belous, Kruglov, Babenko and senior lieutenant Degtyarenko fulfilled the standards of a master of sports of the USSR on a training aircraft.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 23, 1962, officers V. Agafonov, N. Avachev, V. Bayak, I. Vorobyov were awarded the Order of the Red Star for excellent performance in combat and political training and excellent mastery of aviation technology...

In the fall of 1963, the first graduation of pilot engineers was made. The graduates showed high theoretical training and excellent flight training. During their studies in the higher school program, they received twice as much flying time as cadets from the secondary school. At state exams, 91% of flight training graduates passed excellently, and 9% passed well, with an average score in theoretical disciplines of 4.6.
Graduates, pilot engineers V. Bobrov, B. Dolgov, E. Zarudnev, P. Minin, V. Orlov, I. Timkov, N. Chaga received diplomas with honors.

During their studies, students of the school look up to their fathers and older brothers by profession. The students of the school accomplished many feats in days of peace.
In everyday life, students of the school, faithful to the fighting traditions of their fathers, perform miracles of courage and increase the glory of their native school.

This happened during examination flights in 1966. After completing a mission on the plane of cadet Roman Epifanov, due to a fuel leak through a broken pipeline, the engine stopped at an altitude of 500 meters. One way out is to leave the plane. But then the plane will fall on the city, there will be casualties. Roman makes a decision: turn towards the field. Height 200 meters, 150..., Factories, railway station, residential buildings remain behind.
The aircraft ejection system worked accurately and flawlessly. The cadet landed safely and there were no injuries. When a search plane appeared over his landing site a few minutes later, Roman Epifanov waved his orange vest in a friendly manner: “Everything is fine!”

It is a great honor to serve at the school and be its student. It has already become a tradition - sons come to replace fathers, and aviator dynasties are born. The families of veterans of the school, officers Starostin, Zyryanov, Mishurny, Konovalov and many others, can be called patriots of the school. In their families, all men served or studied at the school. Foreman P.I. Vasiliev served in the school for more than 30 years. Over the years, he raised three sons. Vladimir, Alexander and Nikolai Vasilyev graduated from college in different years.
In 1977, Leonid Beda, the son of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant General of Aviation Beda L.I., graduated from the school.
Many young men followed in the footsteps of their fathers.

On May 30, 1967, by a Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the school was named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR Vladimir Mikhailovich Komarov. The personnel received the news of the assignment of a glorious name with a feeling of high gratitude.
For merits in the defense of the socialist Motherland and the high results achieved in combat and political training in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the school is awarded the Commemorative Banner of the CPSU Central Committee, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. With this Banner, a symbol of military glory, graduates of the anniversary year were escorted to combat units.
On July 28, 1985, the opening of a bust of V. M. Komarov, made by a veteran of the school, senior warrant officer Yu. B. Korytov, took place.

Among the brave sons of our Fatherland, boldly storming space, there are also students of the school.

Often Heroes of the Soviet Union, retired colonels G. T. Vasev and P. A. Galkin, school veterans V. N. Valtsefer, G. P. Ostapenko, V. V. Bugaev, N. Ya. Vyalikov, K. M. Svirishchev, N. I. Khryashkov, I. T. Naboychenko, V. V. Verin...
Brave aviators have a story to tell. For example, during the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union Pavel Andreevich Galkin fought as part of the 9th Guards Air Regiment of the Northern Fleet with many students from the school. As a navigator of a torpedo bomber, he flew in the crew of Yevgeny Frantsev and personally sank two submarines, two transports and one tanker. In the movie "Torpedo Bombers" film stills are dedicated to him.
And retired Colonel Nikolai Ignatievich Khryashkov, also in the harsh North, beat the Nazis in a fighter, led his regiment into battle, and shot down seven enemy planes. He was awarded four Orders of the Red Banner and many other high awards. In the post-war years, he trained more than one generation of aviators. Following in his footsteps was his grandson, Vadim Konovalov, who graduated from college in 1985 and successfully continues to serve in one of the units of the Air Force.

The solemn day of celebrating the 60th anniversary of the school will forever remain in the memory of all cadets and officers. His pupils of many generations came from different parts of the Motherland to the celebrations. Among the guests of honor were 25 Heroes of the Soviet Union, USSR pilot-cosmonauts G. Titov and V. Dzhanibekov, scientists, honored military pilots, and generals. Party workers of the region, the city of Yeisk and Yeisk district, and representatives of local authorities took an active part in the celebrations.
On July 22, 1978, participants in the anniversary celebrations were the first to get acquainted with the new exhibition of the school’s history museum, in the halls of which materials about the glorious path of the school over 60 years are widely presented.
Several thousand photographs and more than 500 original exhibits make up the museum's holdings. The personal belongings of twice Hero of the Soviet Union N.V. Chelnokov, cosmonaut pilots V. Komarov and P. Belyaev, documents of A. Lyapidevsky, the flight suit of V. Dzhanibekov, in which the cosmonaut flew into space, the jacket of Air Marshal I. are kept here as expensive relics. Borzov, personal belongings of one of the first morlets, Lieutenant General of Aviation I. Petrov...

You can also see here the memorial banner of the CPSU Central Committee, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the USSR and a sheaf of strong Kuban wheat - a gift from the workers of the fields.
There are materials about visits to the school by pilot-cosmonauts G. Titov, A. Filipchenko, V. Lebedev, V. Gorbatko, V. Zudov, A. Demin, B. Volynov, V. Sevastyanov, A. Berezov and others.
The new museum exhibition was created by veterans of the school, employees of the darkroom and printing house; The museum was decorated by the hands of soldiers, warrant officers, and officers.
They promote the study by personnel of the history of the school, the exploits of its students, the experience of excellent students in combat and political training, the preservation of military secrets, and the promotion of the traditions of the school and the Armed Forces.

On March 28-30, 1980, a meeting of Air Force veterans was held in Krasnodar, dedicated to the 35th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. The capital of Kuban in those days gathered many famous pilots under its hospitable sky. Participants in the meeting were also students of the school - twice Heroes of the Soviet Union V. Rakov and M. Kuznetsov, Heroes of the Soviet Union V. Narzhimsky, K. Sukhov, V. Snesarev, F. Radus... At the meeting there were also young successors to the military traditions of the Air Force - cadets excellent students S. Musatov, A. Novikov, V. Taktaev, I. Dudukin, Yu. Kolontaev...
September 8, 1980 became memorable for the entire staff of the school. That day, the school’s guests were participants in a propaganda flight dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol’s patronage of aviation. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Aviation Lieutenant General V. Popkov, addressed the cadets and officers at the rally; episodes from his biography were used in the creation of the film “Only Old Men Go to Battle.”

At the beginning of 1972, I received a letter from Moscow from the former commissar of our regiment, P. G. Avdeenko. He wrote that a meeting of the council of veterans of the 650th Order of the Red Banner of the Brandenburg Aviation Regiment was held and at it they decided to ask me to lead the work of creating a museum of military glory of our regiment. He wrote to the commissioner and the director of the school.

The school leadership, communists, DOSAAF and Komsomol committees warmly supported the veterans. Pathfinders of class 6 “A” were instructed to begin work. The guys happily accepted the proposal to create a museum. We discussed the action plan. Firstly, it was necessary to establish contact with the veterans of the regiment, receive letters from them with memories, documents, photographs, and personal belongings. Secondly, we decided to make models of the aircraft on which the regiment fought, and models of the fighters that covered us on combat missions. Thirdly, it was necessary to gain access to archival documents of the Ministry of Defense.

Photos had to be copied in order to return the originals to the owners. This is a complex matter, it requires professional skills, we brought in a former student of the school, G.P. Ivanov, who is now the head of the photo laboratory of the Balezinsky House of Pioneers.

This is how we began to accumulate very interesting material. For those who fought for their Motherland, the memory of the war is always in their hearts. It largely depends on us, the surviving front-line soldiers, what kind of defenders of the Motherland today’s boys and girls will grow up to be. Therefore, a deep bow to the veterans who spare no time and effort to work with the younger generation, who help our school museum

The guys are left with a vivid impression from meetings with participants in the battles. 30 kilometers from us, in Glazov, lives one of the veterans of the 650th air regiment - reserve lieutenant colonel M. F. Sakerin. Before taking the trackers to him, I visited him and agreed on a time to meet , about what he will tell, what photographs he will show the guys

Let's go Let's call The door opens. In a ceremonial uniform, with all the orders and medals, a little embarrassed, the owner meets us. “Come in, take off your clothes! I’ve already been waiting for you.” The guys come in in a timid flock, huddling together, not knowing what to do with their hands and flowers.

Here, guys,” I say, “in front of you is the same Misha Sakerin, and for you Mikhail Fedorovich, the former navigator of the flight, then the squadron, with whom we fought from 1943 to the Victory.. With bated breath, the guys listen to the story about the battles in the Caucasus and Kuban, in the Baltic States and near Berlin, about faithful comrades in arms. Mikhail Fedorovich gave the pioneers a navigation ruler

Models of airplanes for the museum, as planned, were made by our young technicians. True, at school we had neither a workshop, nor tools and materials. We turned to the regional House of Pioneers for help. They found us a room, provided us with tools, helped us with advice.., Now in the museum Models Po-2, R-5, Su 2 and Yak-3 are demonstrated. Models of two more types of machines will be built soon. In the process of work, the guys got acquainted with the flight tactical data of the aircraft, with the wonderful pilots who fought on these machines.

The most difficult thing for our activists in military-patriotic work was to gain access to archival documents of the Ministry of Defense. The Balezinsky district committee of the CPSU and the district military registration and enlistment office helped. Based on archival data, they collected material about the combat activities of the regiment, compiled a list of irreparable combat losses, studied the schemes for carrying out combat missions, and made copies of award sheets.

In Moscow, we visited the scientific and methodological office of the Central Museum of the Armed Forces. The museum workers helped us in solving a number of issues, and the book “Propagandists of Feat” they donated turned out to be very necessary when drawing up a sketch for the design of the museum.

After two years of active searching, a large amount of the most varied material had accumulated. A room was allocated for the museum in the new school building. By the beginning of the school year, a sketch of its design was prepared. There was a lot of work, but little time left - for the 30th anniversary of the Victory, I wanted to open a museum. All the students worked. During labor lessons, they made bases for stands, display cases, fasteners, cut slabs for photographs. Young technicians installed speakers, assembled an amplifier, installed automation, and finished assembling models. On May 8, the grand opening of the museum took place.

Six years have passed since then. Over the years, our museum has been visited by several thousand people - school students, workers of the village of Balezino and the region. There are also excursions from other cities of the republic. Strong friendship connects young patriots with veterans of the regiment. The museum has become one of the centers of military-patriotic work at the school. They conduct admission to pioneers and present Komsomol tickets. The Museum Council organizes meetings with participants of the Great Patriotic War, with labor heroes. A bright and unforgettable meeting with the fighter pilot Hero of the Soviet Union I. V. Shmelev was with what admiration the guys looked at him! We held our breath and listened to his every word! Three hours flew by in a flash. Students also remember their meetings with long-range aviation pilot Hero of the Soviet Union A.D. Toropov, our fellow countryman, and with attack aviation pilot Hero of the Soviet Union V. N. Opalev

Our graduates serve excellently in the army, as evidenced by letters of gratitude from the command to the school and parents. It seems that our DOSAAF activists have done a lot for this. School students have an undoubted interest in the profession of defender of the Motherland, many go to study at military schools. Andrei Korolev studies at the military aviation school. The senior students of our school, lieutenants Sergei Dmitriev and Sergei Parfenov, serve in the Air Force. Aviation specialists Alexander Scriabin and Alexander Fedorov work at Izhevsk airport.