Detailed map of Alchevsk - streets, house numbers, districts. City of Alchevsk Telephone code of the city of Alchevsk

Modern Alchevsk is a large industrial center of the Lugansk region, a scientific and cultural city of regional significance in eastern Ukraine. Arriving in Alchevsk, every traveler and tourist will be able to find a way to spend time with pleasure, choosing an “entertainment program” and a route for exploring the city to suit their personal taste. The weather in Alchevsk is conducive to walking. You can visit local museums and memorable places of glory, and if you are more interested in more modern leisure options, the city will offer shopping centers, cinemas and nightclubs.

Modern Alchevsk is the support of the Lugansk region

Being a major industrial center in the Lugansk region, like the capital of Slovakia, Alchevsk produces about 24% of the total output in its region. The main pillar - the basis of the industrial potential of this powerful city is the Alchevsk Metallurgical Plant and the Coke and Chemical Plant. In modern Alchevsk, 17 industrial enterprises are intensively operating, the activities of which are aimed not only at the metallurgical and coke-chemical sectors, but also at the construction, electromechanical, light and food production areas.

The hardworking city bears the name of its founding father - the famous entrepreneur, industrialist and banker, philanthropist Alexei Alchevsky.

How to get to Alchevsk

The easiest way to get to Alchevsk is from large regional centers located nearby: Lugansk or Donetsk. Alchevsk is a relatively small city and does not have its own airport. However, you can easily get from the airports of Donetsk and Lugansk in an hour and a half by bus or car. traditional for all of Ukraine.

In Alchevsk itself there is a railway and bus station, where freight and passenger trains, electric trains and buses throughout the Luhansk region and other regions of the country regularly arrive and depart from. In Soviet times, Alchevsk was called Kommunarsk - that is why the railway station is called differently than the city in modern times.

Speaking about moving around the city itself, tourists have a choice between the services of a trolleybus and bus depot, and minibuses. Trolleybus service in Alchevsk has been open since 1954. In this regard, the city has become a true debutant in the Lugansk region! Until now, trolleybuses remain the main city public transport. This is the cheapest and most reliable way to get from one point of the city to another: it should be noted that the numbering of bus routes and regular taxis is not always clear, and the cost of a ticket on such routes is usually more expensive than a trolleybus ticket.

Prices for hotels and shopping in Alchevsk

Alchevsk cannot be called a tourist city: it is a labor center, not distracted from production all year round in every season. Therefore, the cost of food, dinners in restaurants, shopping, and housing in the city will be a real gift of fate for any traveler who is accustomed to price gouging and ripping off money from tourists. In this regard, Alchevsk is more honest, open and hospitable than anyone else. It is inexpensive here to rent housing for the day in any of the high-rise buildings in the center, and the prices for hotel rooms (of which, by the way, there are very few in Alchevsk) are not too high.

All visitors are greeted by the main hotel of the city - “Sport” on Lipovenko Street, 14a. The only alternative is the two-star Yubileiny Hotel on Kirova Street, 15. Both options offer decent living conditions at a very low cost, which cannot but please guests of the hard-working city. Located in the central part of the city, they provide their guests with an excellent opportunity to explore all the remarkable and interesting places in the city.

What interesting sights to see in Alchevsk

Perhaps the most important priceless attraction of Alchevsk is the perfectly preserved Soviet architecture, unique in its traditional trends and forms. For example, walking along Lenin Avenue, you will certainly be delighted by its “Stalinist Empire” style: here the buildings are decorated with cornices, rosettes, columns, vases and other characteristic decorative elements. One end of this avenue ends with a beautiful fountain with modern lighting (near the Khimikov Palace of Culture), while the other leads to the Stella dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Great Victory.

In the east, near the city, lies the Isakovskoye Reservoir - the main resort area for all citizens and travelers who come here to relax. Tourists will be interested to appreciate the stunning temple architecture of the city: St. Nicholas Cathedral, Temple of Faith, Love, Hope and Mother Sophia, St. George's Church.

Mainly in Alchevsk there are monuments dedicated to certain events and fearless war heroes: Spire (a monument in the water of a bayonet, located on the square of the 40th anniversary of the Victory), SU-100 - a self-propelled artillery unit; Monument to the victims of Chernobyl.

The presence of museums in the city of Alchevsk allows tourists to organize their leisure time from an educational point of view: the City Historical Museum - on Kalinin Street, the Geological and Mineralogical Museum, as well as history museums at the main factories of the city - coke and metallurgical plants. Finally, the cinemas available in the city will not let you spend a boring evening: “Mir” on Lenin Avenue and a cinema located in the “Stolitsa” shopping center.

BRIEF HISTORY OF ALCHEVSK (VOROSHILOVSK, KOMMUNARSK) The city bears the name of its founder - the famous Ukrainian industrialist, entrepreneur and banker, champion of industrial development, philanthropist Alexei Kirillovich Alchevsky. As a working village, Alchevsk arose in the mid-90s of the 19th century in connection with the construction of a metallurgical plant of the Donetsk-Yuryev Metallurgical Society (DUMO) near the Yuryevka railway station of the Ekaterininskaya Railway (now Kommunarsk station). The founder of the Donetsk-Yuryevsky plant - the current Alchevsk Metallurgical Plant, as well as the joint-stock company DUMO, was the Ukrainian industrialist and banker, merchant of the first guild Alexey Kirillovich Alchevsky. The DUMO plant he founded was at that time the only metallurgical enterprise in Ukraine built with domestic capital. During the acute economic crisis of the beginning of the 20th century, unable to withstand competition with the foreign companies that dominated the Donbass, and having received a refusal from the tsarist government to request a loan, A. K. Alchevsky on May 7, 1901 threw himself under a train at the Tsarskoye Selo station in St. Petersburg. The shares of DUMO, which had depreciated after the death of Alchevsky, were concentrated in the hands of Franco-Belgian companies. In memory of the founder of the DUMO plant, the Yuryevka station, at the request of Russian industrialists, was renamed in 1903 to the Alchevskoye station. The factory village, which gradually turned into a city, took its name from the station. The name of the city changed several times. In 1931, it began to be called Voroshilovsky - in honor of the famous Soviet statesman K. E. Voroshilov, who began his labor and revolutionary activities at the DUMO plant. In the 50s, the city was called either Alchevsky or Voroshilovsky, and from 1961 to 1991 - Kommunarsky. After Ukraine declared independence at a city referendum held on December 1, 1991, the population voted in favor of returning the city to its old historical name - Alchevsk. The population of the emerging city consisted mainly of metallurgical plant workers - local and newcomers. These were foreign specialists (Germans, French, Belgians), skilled metallurgists invited from Yuzovsky, Bryansk (Ekaterinoslav) and other factories, and landless peasants from nearby provinces. In 1913, the housing stock of Alchevsk amounted to 38 thousand square meters. These were private houses, including mud huts and “state-owned” (factory) ones. Of the 5,135 workers at the DUMO plant, 3,000 lived in barracks, 540 in barracks, and approximately 1,600 in 270 stone “family houses.” The literacy level of the population in Alchevsk at the beginning of the twentieth century was low. By the time the metallurgical plant was built, only one small parochial school in Vasilyevka was operating in this area. Soon a factory school for 700 students with 19 teachers appeared. In 1910, the Vasilyevskaya Zemstvo School and the private Almazno-Yuryevsk Commercial (Secondary) School were opened, with 190 students. Cultural centers in the factory village included: a private circus, where visiting circus and theater troupes performed, cinema, the so-called “summer theater”, a bowling alley and even a casino. The workers of Alchevsk took an active part in the revolution of 1905-1907, but the uprising was defeated. In 1917-1920, power in Alchevsk changed several times. On April 26, 1918, Austro-German troops entered the city, in December 1918 - the White Cossacks of General Krasnov, in the summer of 1919 - Denikin’s troops. In between, the Bolsheviks took power. On December 26, 1919, Soviet power was finally established in the city. After the end of the civil war, with the transition to a new economic policy, when there were no funds for the restoration of destroyed large enterprises, the Donetsk-Yuryevsky plant, which became state-owned, was temporarily mothballed on May 3, 1923. The closure of the plant led to a significant decrease in population: by the end of 1923, only 8,000 residents remained in Alchevsk. In 1925, a decision was made to remove the metallurgical plant from mothballing and at the beginning of 1926 one of the blast furnaces was restored here (the blast furnace had stood since 1918 - since the German occupation), and soon the construction of new blast furnaces and other facilities began. A big event in the life of the city was the construction of a coke plant, which came into operation in 1929. The city grew along with the enterprises. If in 1926 its population was 16,000 people, then by 1939 it had grown to 55,000. Since 1932, the construction of multi-storey buildings began, water supply and sewerage appeared. The city's housing stock exceeded 160 thousand square meters in 1940. The city was improved, landscaped, the area of ​​green spaces reached 200 hectares. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, thousands of Alchevsk volunteers declared their desire to fight the Nazi invaders. The city's enterprises reorganized their work on a war footing. The equipment of the metallurgical and coke plants, due to the danger of the city being captured by the Nazis, was taken to the Urals, Kuzbass and Uzbekistan. On July 12, 1942, Alchevsk was occupied by the Nazis for almost 14 months. On September 2, 1943, soldiers of the Soviet army liberated Alchevsk from the fascist invaders. The city has its heroes: Lipovenko, Nedbaev Immediately after the liberation of the city, its restoration began with the participation of specialists from other parts of the country (in particular, a restoration team from Chelyabinsk). During the restoration of industrial enterprises, their reconstruction was carried out. In 1943, a specialized construction and installation trust “Alchevskstroy” was created. Restoration work was carried out at an accelerated pace. During the years of the first post-war five-year plan (1946-1950), the pre-war level of industrial production was achieved and surpassed. Workers of the Alchevskstroy trust built new blast furnaces and open-hearth furnaces, rolling mills, coke and chemical shops, enterprises in the construction industry, light and food industries, etc. In place of the old ones, essentially new enterprises grew, and with them a new city . Large enterprises of the construction industry appeared - factories of building structures, reinforced concrete products, large-panel house construction, building materials, slag processing, etc. To meet the needs of the population, a bakery, a dairy, a clothing and haberdashery factory, a household goods factory were built, and (by a lucky coincidence) the first in trolleybus region, etc. To develop the social sphere, new educational buildings, palaces of culture, libraries, cinemas, stadiums, gyms and other social and cultural institutions were built. According to 2007 data, 115 thousand people live in Alchevsk National composition: 50.2% (63,000 people) are Russians, 45.7% (57,400) are Ukrainians, the remaining 4.1% of residents are Belarusians, Tatars, Jews, Armenians, Moldovans, Poles , Gypsies, Georgians and representatives of other nationalities.

As a working village, Alchevsk arose in the mid-90s of the 19th century in connection with the construction of a metallurgical plant at the Yuryevka railway station (now Kommunarsk station).

The station began operating in 1878, and the city was founded in 1896.

The basis of the future city was a small village at the Yuryevka station and the nearby village of Vasilyevka and the Dolzhik farm, located on the territory of the Vasilyevskaya volost of the Slavyanoserbsky district of the Ekaterinoslav province.

The founder of the plant was the famous industrialist, banker, merchant Alexey Kirillovich Alchevsky.

The name of the city changed several times. Alchevsk, Voroshilovsk, Kommunarsk, Alchevsk. Justice has triumphed, and now the city rightfully bears the name of its founder.

In addition to A.K. Alchevsky, a significant contribution to the life of the city was made by the wife of the industrialist Khristina Danilovna Alchevskaya, who was an enlightened and intelligent woman, a Ukrainian poetess. Kh. D. Alchevskaya carried out extensive charitable activities, opened a women's Sunday school in Kharkov, built a school in the village of Alekseevka at her own expense, and provided assistance to a school in the village of Vasilyevka. In addition to charity, she did a lot of educational work and also wrote poetry. She enjoyed great respect not only in Ukraine, but also beyond its borders. Kh. D. Alchevskaya as a teacher gained fame for her innovation. The teaching aids she created were approved by the progressive public of Ukraine, Russia, and France. For these works she was awarded awards.

Alchevsky’s children also wrote bright pages in Russian culture.

Grigory is known as a teacher-vocalist and composer, Ivan was a world-famous singer, Khristina, the daughter of the Alchevskys, was a Ukrainian poetess, translator and teacher.

At first, the city consisted of the Old and New Colonies, this is the area of ​​the House of Technology (former Palace of Culture named after Karl Marx) to Menzhinskaya Street. It was a dirty city, without running water, lighting or paved streets.

Over the years, the city grew and developed.

The working and living conditions of the workers were extremely difficult, so they were forced to protest. In 1898, an underground Social Democratic circle arose, which, after I.A. Galushki left for Rostov, was led by the foundry crane operator K.E. Voroshilov, the future Marshal of the Soviet Union. The city bore his name for some time.

Starting in 1905, workers went on strike. After the revolution in 1917, a difficult, bloody civil war began. In two years, power in the city changed five times. The Austro-German and White Guard hordes of generals Krasnov and Denikin entered the city. After the revolution and civil war, famine and terrible devastation came, which drove people to despair, they perished, died and ran away, but under the conditions of albeit ineffective military communism, the national economy began to recover and the number of city residents increased, and in 1926 it reached the pre-revolutionary number, that is, 16 thousand people, and by 1939 it had grown to 55 thousand. There was a time when 129 thousand people lived in the city, but now there are only 118 thousand.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, difficult times came. The city's enterprises were forced to switch to the production of military products, and as fascist troops approached the city, the plant equipment, along with qualified workers, was evacuated to the Urals.

The most valuable equipment was evacuated, which could be easily dismantled and loaded onto railway platforms. On July 12, 1942, the Germans entered the city and caused great damage. After the liberation of the city, everything had to be restored again.

Alchevsk residents fought courageously on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, many of them did not return home, some of our townspeople received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, these are: N.A. Babanin, V.I. Nedbaev, V.S. Snesarev, and P.N. Lipovenko and V.I. Kiselev (posthumously). During the occupation of our city, a terrible crime was committed by the Nazis, who burned 83 of our compatriots alive in a pit. Later, Heroes of the Soviet Union worked in the city, such as I.S. Deputatov, M.E. Lugovskoy, V.I. Chemodurov.

After the war, the city began not only to recover from devastation, but also to rapidly expand eastward.

Now the city is located on 50 square kilometers. Once upon a time there were wild steppes, along which hordes of wild tribes of Sarmatians, Huns, Scythians, Polovtsians and others rushed for centuries and millennia.

In geological terms, the site on which the city is located is a synclinal fold with different angles of dip of sedimentary rocks, compressed over hundreds of millions of years into various conglomerates of shale, sand and other rocks, under which there are coal seams of the Carboniferous period, more than for 250 million years. It is thanks to the presence of fertile lands, coal seams, and favorable living conditions for people that such a developed network of settlements was formed in this territory. And now our city continues to grow, although not as fast as we would like.

Now the city is located on 50 square kilometers and has more than 250 streets, the names of which are in one way or another connected with the residents of our city.

Everyone knows that our plant is the city-forming enterprise of Alchevsk. For many years, there were separate villages - Vasilyevka, Zhilovka... It was among them that at the end of the 19th century the first blast furnace of the Donetsk-Yuryev Metallurgical Society was built and launched, which laid the foundation for a huge enterprise, now called AMK OJSC. Over the course of a century, the plant grew, and the city grew along with it.

In architecture there is such a thing as a “creeping center” - as the city grows, its central part also moves, moving away from the plant, which improves the environmental situation in the city. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the center was Schmidt Street. It was here that the house of the plant director and the board building were located. Later, 1st May Street became the center. Old-timers remember how on holidays all the youth of the city flocked to the May Day park. The next stage is Lenin Avenue. It was here that all the solemn events of the city took place: parades on May 1st and 9th, November 7th. Here the city “saluted” in honor of all the outstanding dates of the country. And who created this once city center? It turns out that words of gratitude for our prospectus should be addressed to Leonid Ivanovich Fedosov, the chief architect of the city of Voroshilovsk, and, after the renaming, the city of Kommunarsk. He headed the city's architectural department for 32 (!) years! He was the soul of this project. But the material side was given to the main customer - the Voroshilovsky Metallurgical Plant in the person of its director - Pyotr Arsenievich Gmyri. These are the two “pillars” of the history of the creation of Lenin Avenue.

By the way, initially the avenue had a different name. In all project documents it is called “Kuibyshev Street”. It was later decided that the Khimika House of Culture would divide this street into two parts: Kuibysheva Street itself and Mira Avenue? Why Mira? The design time was the beginning of the 50s - the time of restoration of the country after such a difficult Great Patriotic War. How did the country live at that time? Only one - Peace! Faith that this horror will never happen again.

When designing the avenue, various decorative elements were used. Even now, if you carefully examine the wall sculptures, you can see vases, leaves, and the remains of “cones” on the corners of buildings. It was with the help of these elements that each house was different from each other and was, in its own way, unique. It was these elements that made it possible to call Lenin Avenue “little Leningrad.” Now most of these elements are partially or completely destroyed. And restoration, alas, is too expensive...

At the end of the 70s, a new street in the Vostochny microdistrict received its name in honor of the legendary director of the plant, Pyotr Gmyrya.

He headed the enterprise in 1937 and was, perhaps, the youngest of all the directors of our plant (Petr Arsentievich was 32 years old at the time of his appointment). Under the leadership of Gmyri, the plant mastered the production of new types of products: ferromanganese, mirror cast iron, various types of steel (by the beginning of the war, the production of special and high-quality steels amounted to 85% of the total volume of steel production). In June 1941, the production of military products was launched at the enterprise literally in a matter of days. After the first air raid, thanks to the young director’s remarkable organizational skills, it was possible, in fairly record time, to dismantle the main equipment and evacuate the plant to the Urals. During the evacuation, Gmyrya was appointed director of the Magnitogorsk Calibration Plant, but immediately after the liberation of Voroshilovsk, Pyotr Arsentievich returned. Under his leadership, the enterprise rose from ruins and was then completely reconstructed. Gmyrya headed the plant for a quarter of a century. A non-Alchevite by birth, he sincerely loved our city and did a lot for it: the name of Gmyri is associated with the emergence of new modern quarters of Alchevsk and a new type of transport - trolleybuses, the construction of cultural institutions and the "Steel" stadium, the founding of the mining and metallurgical institute.

In 1978, a memorial plaque was installed on the first fourteen-story building. Previously, it was possible to read on it: “The street is named in honor of Pyotr Arsentievich Gmyri, Hero of Socialist Labor, an honorary citizen of the city of Kommunarsk, who worked as the director of a metallurgical plant from 1937 to 1962.” Today, only a bas-relief of the director remains on the memorial plaque; the letters have long since crumbled. Are human memory and gratitude really more short-lived than the inscription?

There is another place in the city associated among the Voroshilovites with the name Gmyri, the house of the plant director on Sportivnaya Street, which, according to eyewitnesses, Pyotr Arsentievich built with his own hands. After Gmyry’s descendants moved to Kyiv for permanent residence, they sold the house to a private person. Alas, neither they nor the city had any desire to create a house-museum of the legendary director.

In what region (region) is the city of Alchevsk located?

A characteristic of a region (region) or a subject of a country is the integrity and interconnection of its constituent elements, including cities and other settlements that are part of the region (region).

Region (oblast) Lugansk region is an administrative unit of the state of Ukraine.

Population of the city of Alchevsk.

Year of foundation of Alchevsk.

Alchevsk city telephone code

History of the city of Alchevsk

Alchevsk is a city of regional subordination, a large industrial and cultural center of Donbass. As a working village, Alchevsk arose in the mid-90s of the 19th century in connection with the construction of a metallurgical plant at the Yuryevka railway station (now Kommunarok station) of the Donetsk-Yuryev Metallurgical Society (YuMO).

The founder of the Donetsk-Yuryev plant, as well as the joint-stock company DUMO, was the famous Ukrainian industrialist and banker, merchant of the first guild Alexey Kirillovich Alchevsky. A champion of the accelerated development of domestic industry, a patriot of his native land, A.K. Alchevsky passionately loved Ukraine and its people, was a supporter of educating the masses, and donated significant funds to this noble cause. Unable to withstand competition with the dominant foreign companies in the Donbass and going bankrupt, Alchevsky committed suicide in 1901. The depreciated shares of the Donetsk-Yuryev Company gradually concentrated in the hands of Franco-Belgian capitalists.

In memory of the founder of the DUMO plant, the Yuryevka railway station, at the request of Russian industrialists, was renamed in 1903 to the Alchevskoye station. The factory village, which later turned into a city, also took its name from the station. In September 1996, Alchevsk celebrated its 100th anniversary. By this date, local authorities decided to open a monument to A.K. Alchevsky in the city.

The name of the city changed several times. In 1931, it began to be called Voroshilovsky - in honor of K.E. Voroshilov, who began his revolutionary activities here; in the 50s it was called either Alchevsky or Voroshilovsky; from 1961 to 1991 - Kommunarsky. On December 1, 1991, at a city referendum, the population voted in favor of returning the old name to the city - Alchevsk. The will of the population was confirmed by the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Ukraine by its resolution of March 26, 1992. This act reflected and consolidated not only the merits of A.K. Alchevsky, but also his family, which was distinguished by democracy and education, and played a noticeable role in the social and cultural life of our region and country.

Alchevsky's wife, Khristina Danilovna, was a prominent teacher and organizer of Sunday schools for adults in Ukraine; opened a women's Sunday school in Kharkov, which she directed for about 50 years; built a school at her own expense in the village of Alekseevka near Alchevsk, and provided assistance to a school in the village of Vasilyevka (now the Alcheveka microdistrict). Khristina Danilovna enjoyed great authority in pedagogical circles. When in 1910 the Yuriev-Diamond Society "Enlightenment" opened a secondary educational institution in Alchevsk, its founders considered it their duty to report this to Khristina Danilovna. Alchevskaya responded with a warm letter: “Touched to the depths of my soul by your attention and memory of me, I hasten to congratulate you on the opening of the Commercial School and from the bottom of my heart wish you success and prosperity of your useful institution.” Under the leadership of Kh.D. Alchevskaya, teaching aids were created, which were greeted with approval by the progressive public. In 1910 she was elected vice-president of the International League of Education.

The Alchevsky children wrote more than one bright page in the history of national culture. Gregory is known as a Ukrainian and Russian teacher-vocalist and composer, Ivan is a world-famous singer, one of the most prominent representatives of Ukrainian and Russian musical culture, Nikolai is a theater critic and teacher, Christina is a Ukrainian poetess, translator and teacher.

And if the city of metallurgists in the Donetsk steppe is called Alchevsk, then this name contains not only the name of the founder of the DUMO plant - the current Alchevsk Metallurgical Plant, but also a particle of all Alchevsk - talented representatives of the Ukrainian intelligentsia.

Alchevsk at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century consisted mainly of barracks and barracks - the so-called Old Colony. The exception was the Administrative Colony with its stone houses for foreign specialists and the administration of the DUMO plant - also, in the majority, consisting of foreigners. In the old colony there was no running water (water was brought in barrels), no sewage system, no paved streets. There is soot, coal, iron ore and slag dust everywhere, and in bad weather - impenetrable mud. According to the testimony of the famous metallurgist Academician M.A. Pavlov, “everything here was squalid and gloomy, as in all other factory villages of Donbass, devoid, by the way, of any greenery.”

Over time, a New Colony appeared, not much different from the Old Colony. In 1913, out of 5,135 workers at the DUMO plant, more than 3,000 lived in barracks, 540 in barracks, and the rest in 270 “family houses.”

The factory village gradually grew. On the eve of the First World War, up to 20 trading establishments, private kerosene and oil warehouses, and a timber warehouse operated at the Alchevskoye station and in the neighboring village of Vasilyevka. Copper and cast iron foundry workshops were located near Vasilievka, and at the plant there was a large slaughterhouse with a capacity of over 17 thousand heads of cattle per year.

Working conditions for workers were extremely difficult. Hard physical labor prevailed at the metallurgical plant; almost everything was done by hand. The working day lasted 12 hours. Unbearable heat in hot shops, drafts, unsanitary conditions, and lack of safety precautions led to widespread illness, injury and death of metallurgists. Three doctors, 5 paramedics, 3 midwives and 2 pharmacists served more than five thousand workers and their families. 40-50 percent of workers in the main workshops did not know how to read and write, and even more in auxiliary workshops.

Difficult living and working conditions and complete political lack of rights could not but cause discontent and indignation among the working people. At first these were spontaneous protests that were purely economic in nature, and only gradually, little by little, did they turn into an organized political struggle against the existing autocratic system. In 1898, an underground social-democratic circle arose at the DUMO plant, the leader of which was the revolutionary foundry worker I.A. Galushka, and after his departure to Rostov, the young foundry crane operator K.E. Voroshilov. The workers of Alchevsk took an active part in three Russian revolutions.

During the revolution of 1905-1907, metallurgists elected a Delegates Assembly (Council of Workers' Deputies) to lead the fight against the tsar's henchmen, created a fighting squad, in which 2,000 people signed up, a trade union, and a workers' cooperative. The delegate assembly, chaired by foundry worker D.K. Paranich, for some time directed all life in Alchevsk.

In December 1905, the fighting squad of the Donetsk-Yuryev plant and Alchevskoe station took part in the Gorlovka armed uprising. The fighting squad was commanded by members of the Delegates' Assembly, foundry worker I. A. Krotko and electric crane operator I. Miroshnichenko. Miroshnichenko was killed in battle with the tsarist troops, and Krotko, sentenced to 15 years of hard labor, died in prison. Paranic received 8 years of hard labor,<милостиво>replaced by a permanent settlement in Eastern Siberia. The brutal reprisals did not intimidate the people. The fight continued. The thoroughly rotten tsarist autocracy fell in February 1917. The masses gained long-awaited political freedoms. Social Democrats - Bolsheviks and Mensheviks, Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs), Ukrainian Social Democrats, anarchists, Bundists - Jewish Social Democrats entered the arena of political life in Alchevsk.

Three forces fought for real power in Ukraine and Donbass after the overthrow of tsarism: representatives of the Provisional Government, the Councils of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies and the Ukrainian Central Rada. This intertwining of three powers further confused the already complex situation, which was difficult for the common man to understand. Alchevsk and the council, which was dominated by the Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries, spoke out for the creation of a homogeneous socialist government in the country - a coalition government with the participation of all socialist parties. Political discussions were interrupted by a new revolution - the October 1917 coup in Petrograd, when the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets overthrew the Provisional Government and proclaimed the power of the Soviets.

Alchevsk metallurgists welcomed the first decrees of the Soviet government and did not support the Ukrainian Central Rada. At the beginning of 1918, the Bolshevik organization numbered 450 people. She was opposed by about a thousand Mensheviks, Socialist Revolutionaries, anarchists, Ukrainian Social Democrats and Bundists. The inter-party struggle intensified, and there was a sharp division of political forces. The same situation has developed throughout the country. The overthrown classes did not want to lose their property and privileges. A civil war began, aggravated by foreign military intervention.

During the civil war, power in Alchevsk changed several times: on April 26, 1918, Austro-German hordes entered the city, in December 1918 - the White Guard troops of General Krasnov, in the summer of 1919 - Denikin’s troops. On December 26, 1919, Soviet power was established in the city (for the fourth or fifth time and now for a long time).

After the civil war, with the transition to a new economic policy, when there were no funds to restore large enterprises, the Donetsk-Yuryevsky Metallurgical Plant went into mothballing on May 3, 1923. The closure of the plant led to a significant decrease in the population in Alchevsk. By the end of 1923, only 8 thousand inhabitants remained here. Small handicraft enterprises, mainly private and cooperative, are opening in Alchevsk. The most significant of them was the state plant for the repair and manufacture of agricultural implements<Земоруд>, which had a foundry, forge and machine shops.

In 1925, the Donetsk-Yuryevsky Metallurgical Plant was removed from mothballing, and at the beginning of 1926, one of the blast furnaces was restored here (the blast furnace shop had stood since 1918 - since the German occupation), and soon the construction of new powerful blast furnaces and other facilities began.

A big event in the life of the city was the construction of a coke plant. At first it was created as a coke shop of a metallurgical plant, and in 1929 it became an independent enterprise. Light and food industries emerged.

The city grew along with the company. If in 1926 its population was 16 thousand people, then by 1939 it grew to 55 thousand. Since 1932, construction of multi-storey buildings began, water supply and sewerage systems appeared. The city's housing stock exceeded 160 thousand square meters in pre-war 1940 (compared to 38 thousand square meters in 1913). The city was improved, landscaped, the area of ​​green spaces reached 200 hectares. Public education and healthcare developed rapidly. In 1937, construction of the city hospital was completed - a complex with 200 beds. The network of cultural and educational institutions has grown significantly. But the fascist invasion prevented the implementation of new plans.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, thousands of Alchevsk volunteers declared their desire to fight the Nazi invaders. About 10 thousand people who were not subject to conscription due to age or condition joined the people's militia; The city's enterprises reorganized their work on a war footing. The metallurgical plant, despite the bombing, provided metal for the front.

Due to the danger of the city being captured by the Nazis, the equipment of the metallurgical and coke plants was taken to the Urals, Kuzbass and Uzbekistan. On July 12, 1942, Alchevsk was occupied by the Nazi invaders. For almost 14 months, the Nazis committed monstrous atrocities, exposing the population to robbery and abuse. Alchevsk residents fought courageously on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to: participant in the heroic defense of Sevastopol, private P.N. Lipovenko (posthumously), officers N.A. Babanin, V.I. Kiselev (posthumously), V.I. Nedbaev, V.S. Snesarev.

Retreating under the onslaught of the Soviet Army, the fascist executioners on the night of September 1, 1943, took 83 people out of the Gestapo prison, threw them into a pit and, dousing them with gasoline, burned them alive.

On September 2, 1943, the 315th Infantry Division of the 51st Army of the Southern Front under the command of Colonel D.S. Kuropatenko and parts of the 91st Infantry Division of Colonel I.M. Pashkov liberated Alchevsk from the fascist invaders using a roundabout maneuver. The liberators faced a picture of terrible destruction. The damage caused to the city and its enterprises amounted to a huge sum of 523 million rubles at that time.

Immediately after the liberation of the city, its restoration began. It was necessary not only to restore industrial enterprises, but also to reconstruct them on the basis of the latest achievements of science and technology. Envoys from many regions of Ukraine and the Chelyabinsk restoration team arrived to help the Alchevsk residents, and a specialized construction and installation trust "Alchevskstroy" was created.

Restoration work was carried out at an accelerated pace. Already at the beginning of 1944, the metallurgical plant produced the first cast iron and steel melts. On the first anniversary of the liberation of Alchevsk, a coke battery at the coke plant came into operation. During the years of the first post-war five-year plan (1946-1950), the pre-war level of industrial production was achieved and surpassed. This opened up prospects for further development of the city's economy. Essentially new enterprises grew in place of the old ones, and with them a new city. Large construction industry enterprises appeared on the city map - factories of construction and reinforced concrete products, large-panel housing construction, building materials, slag processing and others. The rapid development of industry led to an increase in population and, accordingly, the construction of housing, schools, hospitals and clinics, trade and catering enterprises, and consumer services. To meet the needs of the population, a bakery, a dairy factory, a clothing and haberdashery factory, a household goods factory, various household workshops, etc. were built. Alchevsk has been enriched with palaces of culture, libraries, cinemas, stadiums, gyms, and other social and cultural institutions.