Pavlovsky Posad Church of the Resurrection of Christ. Sights of Pavlovsky Posad
Predecessor temples until the 17th century
The stone Resurrection Church traces its history back to the first wooden church in the vicinity of the village of Vokhna (Pavlova, the current city of Pavlovsky Posad), which was erected over the Vokhonka River by the noble Prince Dimitry Donskoy during his ownership of the Vokhona volost for many years. The church was consecrated in the name of the Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica.
Resurrection Cathedral
In the 1960s, a refectory and a bell tower were added to the main building of the temple. Subsequently, the church was expanded several times, as a result of which its capacity reached 5 thousand people.
From year to year, the headman of the temple was one of the founders of the Pavlovsk shawl manufactory, the righteous ascetic Vasily Ivanovich Gryaznov. His companion and relative Yakov Ivanovich Labzin took over from him the position of headman of the Resurrection Church and also worked hard to decorate the temple. Under them, the interior of the temple was decorated and a new iconostasis was created. For its splendor, the temple was often called a cathedral by the people. The church was famous for its choir and bell ringing. In the same year, the Society of Banner Bearers was established at the temple. In 2009, a chiming clock with a German mechanism was installed on the bell tower.
In the post-revolutionary period, during the persecution of the Church, many of the priests of the temple suffered martyrdom. Among them were the holy martyrs Alexy Znamensky (served in the church in 1910-1935) and Alexy Vorobyov (served in the church in 1930-1935). On March 27 of the year, the Resurrection Cathedral was transferred by the Soviet government to the Renovationists, and was closed that year. Attempts by townspeople to obtain permission to open the temple this year failed.
The cathedral building was used as a grain warehouse, and later as a warehouse for radio components at the Exciton plant. At the end of the 1950s, after the collapse of the dome of the temple as a result of the explosion of oxygen cylinders stored inside the building, the Resurrection Cathedral was demolished.
Revival of the temple
All that remains of the temple is the 58-meter bell tower with a small baptismal sanctuary, which served as a home for the local history museum. The image of the cathedral bell tower began to be often used as a symbol of the city; its chimes also became a landmark of Pavlovsky Posad.
In the year, through the diligence of the inhabitants of the Pokrovsko-Vasilevsky Monastery, the bell tower building was returned
The Church of the Resurrection of the Word traces its history back to the first wooden church in the vicinity of the village of Vokhna (now the city of Pavlovsky Posad), which was erected over the Vokhonka River by the holy noble prince Dimitry Donskoy during his ownership of the Vokhona volost from 1340 to 1389. and consecrated in the name of the Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica.
In the 15th century On the same site, another temple was built - in the name of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, with a chapel built later, in the 17th century, in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh. During the Time of Troubles, wooden churches were destroyed by foreigners, and in the scribe books for 1665, only one new church of the Resurrection of Christ is mentioned in the same place.
In 1703, construction began on the stone Church of the Resurrection with two chapels in the name of the Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica and St. Sergius of Radonezh. In 1710, the new temple was consecrated.
In 1784, the son Hilarion (monastic name Innocent) was born into the family of the psalmist of the Resurrection Church, Dimitry Egorov, who later became a famous bishop and theologian, a fighter against mysticism - a popular hobby in secular circles of that time. In 2000, at the anniversary council of bishops, he was glorified as St. Innocent of Penza.
In 1838-1839 a refectory and a bell tower were added to the main building of the temple. Subsequently, the church was expanded several times, as a result of which it could accommodate up to 5 thousand people. Today, the 58-meter bell tower is all that has survived from the entire temple massif.
Starting from the times of Peter the Great, the temple staff consisted of at least 3 priests. From 1860 to 1869 the head of the church was one of the founders of the Pavlovsk shawl manufactory, Vasily Ivanovich Gryaznov, glorified in 1999 as the locally revered saint of the Moscow diocese - righteous Vasily Pavlovo-Posadsky. He was the initiator of the establishment of the Intercession-Vasilievsky Monastery. His companion and relative Yakov Ivanovich Labzin took over from him the position of headman of the Resurrection Church and also worked hard to decorate the temple.
For its greatness, the temple was often called a cathedral by the people. It was famous for its choir and bell ringing. In 1887, the Society of Banner Bearers was established at the cathedral.
In 1891, a chime clock with a German mechanism was installed on the bell tower, playing several melodies, including “God Save the Tsar.” These chimes are a landmark of Pavlovsky Posad; their proper operation is monitored by a master from a dynasty of watchmakers.
In the post-revolutionary period, during the persecution of the Church, many of the priests of the temple suffered martyrdom. One of them was Hieromartyr Alexy Vorobyov. He served in the cathedral from 1930 to 1935.
In 1936, the Soviet government handed the temple over to the living church members, and in 1939 it was finally closed. Attempts by townspeople to obtain permission to open the temple in 1944 failed.
The huge cathedral building was used as a warehouse for grain, and later for radio components of the Exciton plant. At the end of the 50s. After the collapse of the temple dome as a result of the explosion of oxygen cylinders stored inside the building, the Resurrection Cathedral was demolished. The surviving bell tower with a small baptismal sanctuary served as a home for the local history museum. The image of the cathedral bell tower often began to be used as a symbol of the city.
In 1998, through the diligence of the inhabitants of the Pokrovsko-Vasilevsky Monastery, the bell tower building was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. Divine services began to be held in the temple. In 2002, a rector was appointed to the Church of the Resurrection of the Word (formerly the Resurrection Cathedral), and the parish began its independent life.
There are many attractions and memorable places in Pavlovsky Posad, including churches, museums, monuments, parks and public gardens. I plan to talk about them in detail and introduce a whole series of articles about the sights of the city.
I would like to start with the main attraction of the city and the main symbol of Pavlovsky Posad - the bell tower of the Resurrection Cathedral. It is this bell tower that is depicted on postcards, magnets, calendars, and illustrated in books.
The height of the elegant three-tier bell tower is 58 meters. The Church of the Resurrection of the Word traces its history back to the first one in the vicinity of the village. Vokhna (now Pavlovsky Posad) wooden church. It was erected by Prince Demetrius Donskoy during his ownership of the Vokhon volost from 1341 to 1389, and consecrated in the name of Demetrius of Thessaloniki. In the 15th century on the same place a wooden church was built in the name of St. George the Victorious. During the Time of Troubles, both temples were destroyed by foreigners. In 1665, a church in honor of the Resurrection of Christ was mentioned at this place. In 1703-1710. A stone Resurrection Church with chapels in the name of the Great Martyr was built. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and St. Sergius of Radonezh.
In 1784, a son was born into the family of the psalmist of the Resurrection Church, Dimitry Egorov, who was later glorified as Saint Innocent of Penza. In 1839, a new refectory with Dmitrievsky and Sergievsky chapels and a high bell tower in the Empire style were erected. Later, due to expansion, it could accommodate up to five thousand people. In 1850, the quadrangle of the church itself, rebuilt in the style of late classicism, was built with a light rotunda; in 1860, the side chapels from the refectory were moved to the east, on the sides of the main church. In 1860-1869 the headman of the temple was one of the founders of the Pavlovsk manufactory, Vasily Ivanovich Gryaznov. Nowadays, righteous Vasily of Pavlovo-Posadsky is glorified as a locally revered saint of the Moscow diocese, he was also the founder of the Intercession-Vasilievsky Monastery. Because of its grandeur, the temple was often called a cathedral.
In 1891, a chiming clock with a German mechanism was installed on the bell tower, playing several melodies. These chimes are still a landmark of the city today; they are monitored by experienced watchmakers.
Since 1930, the clergy of the temple was persecuted, and Hieromartyr Alexy (Vorobyov) suffered martyrdom. In 1936, the temple was first handed over to the renovationists, then closed. In the 1950s The Church of the Resurrection was demolished due to dilapidation.
The bell tower houses a local history museum. In 1998, the bell tower and the museum house attached to it were handed over to believers, and a temple was built in the museum premises. Divine services were held in the temple. In 2002, a rector was appointed to the Church of the Resurrection of the Word (formerly the Resurrection Cathedral) (currently the rector of the temple is priest Alexander Kuvshinnikov), and the parish began its independent life.
On the territory of the temple there is a Resurrection secondary school.
According to archival data, the building of the Resurrection Church Parochial School was built in 1903 at the expense of parishioners of the Resurrection Church in the city of Pavlovsky Posad.
In this building, children mastered knowledge under the guidance of priests of the Resurrection Cathedral and civilian teachers, and received primary education. At the end of the four-year course at the parochial school, each student received a certificate and a volume of the New Testament as a prayerful memory of graduation. Subsequently, as we know from the history of the twentieth century, the Church was separated by the Soviet authorities from the school, and the above-mentioned building was expropriated under a new law in favor of the state. In 2012 the building was returned to the parish.
In 2011, the parish organized 1 class of 5 children who receive education in a family form of education. Their parents entered into corresponding agreements with Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 9 of Pavlovsky Posad. Currently, 15 children are studying in two classes at the temple. In February 2013, the rector of the temple turned to parishioners with a request for financial assistance to repair an Orthodox secondary school.
The pillarless quadrangle of the temple, surrounded by two side chapels, an altar and a vestibule, is crowned with a decorative five-domed dome. A monumental three-tier bell tower under a brick tent adjoins the building from the west. The facades are decorated extremely richly: friezes with flies, false kokoshniks, two types of window casings, corner columns, sometimes collected in bunches. The forms of the temple's completion are even more original: all the drums (including small ones, hidden by sharp drums) instead of heads are crowned with a crown of kokoshniks and miniature tents. The theme of the vyperga is repeated in the main entrance portal, along with the three-arched lintel of the opening with hanging “weights”. The pillarless two-height quadrangle of the temple is crowned with a dome on a light drum and is surrounded by chapels, an altar and a refectory. Adjacent to the west is a two-tier bell tower on an expanded base, completed with a brick tent of an octagon of bells. The pediments of the side chapels visually increase their height, forming branches of the cross with the temple. The external decor is limited by window frames of several types, imitation of perspective portals and crowning cornices with brackets, “runners” and a curb. The bell tower tent is decorated with groups and two rows of “rumors”. From the east side there are semicircular altars - a three-part central one and two side altars.Let's take a summer photo walk from the city center to the left side of the Vokhonka River, visit the Chapel of Memory of 1812, restored in 2007-2008, on the street. Mira (formerly Kupecheskaya Street), we will walk around the bell tower of the former Cathedral of the Resurrection of the Slovushchego in Pavlovsky Posad, which has survived to this day, noting the Dimitrievskaya chapel (chapel pillar) nearby,
...and we’ll go to the Pokrovsko-Vasilievsky Monastery north of the city.
As usual, let's not forget about pre-revolutionary photographs of these places...
Chapel in memory of the War of 1812.
Brick five-domed tent chapel-monument in memory of the Patriotic War of 1812. It was built in 1911-1912 near the site of the old wooden chapel, assigned to the Resurrection Cathedral.
Project of a chapel in memory of 1812. On the left is a drawing and autograph of V.P. Desyatov, on the right is a drawing and autograph of V.K. Serotsinsky.
On April 5, 1909, the general meeting of the Banner Bearers Society recognized it desirable to build "in Pavlovsky Posad on Kupecheskaya Street, instead of the existing wooden one, there is a stone chapel with an internal entrance, with Holy icons placed inside and outside in memory of the centennial anniversary of the deliverance of the Russian state from the French invasion in 1812" in accordance with the project provided by the architect V. P. Desyatov...
But the life of the chapel turned out to be very short-lived. Twenty years later, a roadway already passed in its place: during the years of the state struggle against religion, it was demolished by a decision of local authorities agreed with the regional authorities.
Chapel on temples.ru.
Dismantling the chapel, 1932.
Today the chapel has been restored:
...and next to it there is an iron bridge of the newlyweds, hung with locks.
Read more about the history of the chapel - respected local historian Alexander Markin.
Night view of the chapel
Resurrection Cathedral in Pavlovsky Posad.
The original small five-domed brick church with a refectory in the 19th century. was completely rebuilt.
View from the right bank of the Vokhonka.
In 1839, a new refectory with Dmitrievsky and Sergievsky chapels and a high bell tower in the Empire style were erected. In 1850, the quadrangle of the church itself, rebuilt in the style of late classicism, was built with a light rotunda, in 1860 the aisles from the refectory were moved to the east, along the sides of the main church, and in 1875 a dome was placed over the refectory.
The temple was closed ca. 1936, demolished early 1950s, only its bell tower survived.
View of the cathedral from the Trade Square of Pavlovsky Posad. Photo of the beginning. XX century
Another view from approximately the same shooting point.
The bell tower looks very impressive, rising on a hill.
Evening view from the street. Marx
Postcard beginning XX century
Evening view from the right bank of Vokhonka. Mermaids are still found here, although the water in Vokhonka is colder than in Klyazma.
In 1998, the bell tower and the museum house attached to it in 1967 were handed over to believers, and a temple was installed in the museum premises.
Photograph of the Resurrection Cathedral before 1912. At the bottom right you can see a chapel pillar, to the description of which we move on.
Evening view of the bell tower from the altar.
Resurrection Bell Tower on temples.ru.
Early morning.
Chapel (chapel pillar) of Demetrius of Thessalonica
on the site of the altar of the former wooden church near the bell tower. Resurrection Cathedral.
The inscription reads:
"The former site of the Throne of the first wooden Temple in Pavlovsky Posad, in the Name of the Holy Great Martyr DMITRY of Thessaloniki, built by the Grand Duke Dmitry Ioannovich Donskoy, during his possession of the Vokhonsky Volost. from 1340 to 1389." Spelling preserved
Photo from 1979from here .
Chapel pillar on temples.ru.
Pokrovsko-Vasilevsky Monastery.
The foundation of the Pokrovsko-Vasilievsky Monastery is associated with the names of two wealthy Pavlovo Posad manufacturers - Ya.I. Labzin and V.I. Gryaznova (1816-1869).
Photo of the beginning. XX century.
In the Foto: Church of John the Baptist of the Intercession-Vasilievsky Monastery(near the fence, to our right).
A new brick church, under construction around 2008, to the right of the Holy Gate of the monastery. A single-domed quadrangle with side two-story wings, in which it is planned to place a library, a museum and the abbot’s chambers. Interior finishing is underway.
Color photography early XX century.
Cathedral of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Intercession-Vasilievsky Monastery.
A two-story, six-pillar brick church in the pseudo-Russian style, crowned with a decorative five-domed dome, was built in 1870-1895, and a high hipped bell tower in the pseudo-Russian style and a refectory was added to the main volume in 1913.
The temple was built at the expense of merchants Ya. I. Labzin and I. I. Gryaznov in memory of V. I. Gryaznov.
Church of the Intercession at the cemetery. Photo from 1903, still without the bell tower built in 1913
Initially, the temple was a cemetery, with the founding of a convent it became a monastery.
