Sights of Gyumri: list, photos and description. Countries of the world - Armenia - Gyumri How to get to Gyumri from Yerevan and from Gyumri to Yerevan

#255#! have their own history, their own traditions and individual historical events, Gyumri is one of such cities.

Climate.

Name.

Religion.

Population.

Army.

"Rich" city.

Currently, Gyumri is at the peak of its development. Many places destroyed during the 1988 earthquake are being reconstructed and will soon appear in new glory. It is important for all Armenians that Gyumri finally gains integrity and an overall pleasant appearance, without the destroyed parts of the city. Residents of Gyumri are waiting for everyone to visit them and, better than any guide, they will show picturesque places and tell a huge number of stories so that you will want to return to the city.

Gyumri is the capital of Armenian humor. Residents of the city have a unique, sharp sense of humor, which makes the local people a real attraction.

Climate and weather

The mountainous continental climate of Gyumri is very good. Summers here are always warm and winters are cold. It is somewhat colder here than in Yerevan. Frosty days continue from December to March. Spring is quite cool and lasts only a month and a half. But summer is warm and long, it lasts from the beginning of June to the end of September. August is considered the hottest month in Gyumri; at this time the average air temperature reaches +19 ºС. In the coldest month (January) it reaches -9 ºС.

Nature

Gyumri is located in the north-west of Armenia, at an altitude of 1550 meters above sea level. The city is crossed Dzhajur gorges, Cherkez and others.

Seismic activity in this area is quite high. The earthquakes that occur here often have a force of up to 8-9 points.

The flat part of Gyumri is covered with picturesque lakes and rivers, as well as lava massifs. For the most part, steppe plants predominate here. In river valleys you can find maple, acacia, and ash.

A special feature of this region is the artesian basin, above which the entire southern part of the city is located. Not far from Gyumri is the Black Sea - from the city to the resort it is only 196 kilometers, and to the Caspian Sea - 384 kilometers.

Attractions

Once upon a time there were a lot of attractions in Gyumri. But in 1988, disaster struck this region - a terrible earthquake almost completely destroyed the city. As a result, most of the centuries-old landmarks were wiped off the face of the earth.

Of course, Gyumri was rebuilt, but the beautiful and unique ancient buildings that once adorned these lands were replaced by banal block apartment buildings. Despite this, there are still several interesting places worth seeing.

The small town has as many as 5 churches, 1 Orthodox chapel and 1 monastery.

The most important in historical terms and luxurious in architectural terms can rightfully be considered Church of Amenaprkich (or All Savior). Construction of this church began in 1859, and its construction was completed almost 15 years later. The earthquake damaged the structure quite badly, so today it is being actively restored.

Another important attraction is the Black Fortress. At the beginning of the 19th century, it was built by Russian military engineers. From this fortress you can clearly see the whole of Gyumri. Visible in the palm of your hand Freedom Square, vintage Churches of Surb Amenaprkich and Surb Astvatsatsin built in the 19th century. Also, do not pass by the local history museum and art gallery of Gyumri. And one of the most popular routes in this area is a hike to Marmashen monastery complex. The main cathedral of this complex ( Katoghike Church) has existed since the 11th century. In the 12th century, Marmashen suffered greatly from an attack by soldiers of the Seljuk state, but it was restored in the 13th century.

Heading towards the Turkish border, in Gyumri you can see ruins of the ancient city of Ani, the then capital of the state (in the X-XIV centuries). At that time there were about 1001 churches here. But in 1319 there was a very strong earthquake that destroyed the city of Ani to the ground.

Nutrition

Gyumri has an excellent selection of food at very reasonable prices. The cuisine of the Berlin and ISUZ hotels is particularly distinguished by the high quality of food. The first has a more traditional selection of dishes, the second offers an excellent selection of pizzas.

The wonderful restaurant “Robinson's Wooden House” should be visited in the summer, as it closes in the winter. On Kirov Street you can go to Kilinka, where they make amazing pizza. If you are a fan of Georgian food, then go to Vanator.

The only place in Gyumri that serves truly delicious espresso is Le Café. The local staff knows how to make coffee unique. The establishment opens on May 1 - this is when the season begins, and the cafe closes for the winter.

The Italian restaurant Pizza DiNapoli also has a good selection of pizzas and salads that will please any gourmet. Desserts here are prepared according to traditional Italian recipes and with high standards, just like in Italy itself. In addition, there is free Wi-Fi.

Accommodation

There are 4 hotels in Gyumri. Araks has a banquet and conference hall, and staff meets guests at the airport.

The Almaz Hotel has truly high-quality hotel rooms. As a rule, people who stay here are accustomed to conditions much above average.

The Berlin Guest House will be more appealing to people who are looking for a budget holiday option. There are special offers for groups, members of humanitarian organizations and for guests staying at the hotel for a long time. This hotel often hosts conferences and seminars.

The ISUZ hotel has 12 rooms. Of these, 8 are double. Each room has its own small kitchen and satellite TV. Here you can also enjoy the excellent cuisine of a local Italian restaurant or treat yourself in the Tango beauty salon.

Entertainment and relaxation

If you want to soak up the history and atmosphere of this city, your best bet is to stroll through the local park, a memorial complex near the Turkish border dedicated to the battle with Turkey in 1918. The complex includes a bell tower with 12 bells that symbolize the 12 lost provinces, as well as two huge winged lions. Every year the bells are rung to celebrate the victory. At this time, concerts and celebrations are held everywhere in the city, and demonstrations and protests take place on the Turkish side.

The nature of this area is picturesque, it will offer you breathtaking views of Ararat and Armenian plains.

Purchases

Due to the fact that the city of Gyumri is quite small, there are quite a few places where you can go shopping. Not far from the station (100 meters away) you can stumble upon a local “elite clothing salon”.

On the main street of the city there are other shops and stores, for example, “Ulybka” and the “Mega” shopping center.

One of the largest stores in Gyumri is the “Wonderful Country” toy store.

Transport

As for transport in Gyumri, car traffic is the most popular here. You can see trolleybus wires on the streets, but you won’t see a single trolleybus, because they were taken out of use many years ago as unnecessary.

Due to the fact that the city is quite small, you can get around it by local train or minibuses (minibuses), which are considered a great luxury.

Connection

In Gyumri you can find places to access the Internet, but there are very few of them. This service is provided only by the largest hotels and shopping centers. As for telephony, the same 3 main operators operate in Gyumri as throughout Armenia - Beeline, MTS and Orange.

Safety

In Gyumri, a tourist can feel completely safe. The people here are hospitable and peaceful, so you can always count on the support of the local population. Here you can safely walk around the city at night alone, and nothing bad will happen to you.

Minimal violations are still committed in Gyumri. Although it may seem to tourists that there is no crime at all in the city.

Real estate

Real estate prices in Gyumri are very low. So connoisseurs of antiquity and Armenian culture have a great chance of purchasing apartments and private houses here.

Visitors to this glorious city do not need to know any special laws or regulations. There are several general recommendations that any visitor to the country should follow. For example, if you are at a local feast, you should listen to your interlocutor to the end without interrupting his speech. Otherwise, you will be mistaken for a person with bad habits. You should also not raise the topic of the Armenian genocide - the locals are quite sensitive to this part of their history.

In contact with

Photo gallery

Based: 5th century BC e.

Population: 121,976 people (2011)

Postcode: 3101-3126

Telephone code: +374 (312)

Time: UTC+4

Helpful information

Gyumri
Arm. Գյումրի
z-arm. Կիւմրի

Famous natives

Heroes of Socialist Labor

• Sergei Mikaelyan - head of the locomotive depot at Leninakan station, honorary railway worker of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor (1959).
• Marcel Vardanyan - chief engineer, head of SU-3 of Dorstroytrest ZKV railway, head of SMP-775 PSO Armzheldorproektstroy, Leninakan station, honorary railway worker of the USSR. (1989)

Military figures

• Ashot Amatuni - general of the Soviet army, Hero of the Soviet Union (1945), holder of the Order of Lenin.
• Boris Vladimirov (1905-1978) - Soviet military leader, Lieutenant General. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).
• Stepan Khanamiryan - Soviet military leader.

Athletes

• Ara Abrahamyan is an Armenian and Swedish Greco-Roman wrestler. Two-time world champion. Olympic silver medalist.
• Alyosha Abrahamyan - Soviet football player (goalkeeper). USSR champion, winner of the 1973 USSR Cup.
• Furman Abrahamyan - Soviet football player. Silver medalist of the USSR championship.
• Nazik Avdalyan is an Armenian weightlifter. World and European champion.
• Artur Aleksanyan is an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler. World champion. Three-time European champion. Olympic bronze medalist.
• Yuri Vardanyan is an outstanding Soviet weightlifter. Multiple European and world champion. Olympic champion.
• Arsen Julfalakyan is an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler. World and European champion. Olympic silver medalist.
• Levon Julfalakyan - Soviet Greco-Roman wrestler. Olympic champion. World champion.
• Levon Ishtoyan is a Soviet football player. USSR Champion, winner of the 1973 USSR Cup.
• Mnatsakan Iskandaryan is a Soviet, Armenian and Russian Greco-Roman wrestler. Olympic champion. Three-time world champion and two-time European champion.
• Mekhak Kazaryan - Soviet and Armenian boxer. Champion of the Goodwill Games. European Champion. Multiple champion of the USSR.
• Khachatur Kyapanaktsyan - Soviet and Armenian weightlifter. European Champion.
• Agasi Manukyan is an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler. World Champion. World Cup winner.
• Mkhitar Manukyan is an Armenian and Kazakh Greco-Roman wrestler. Two-time world champion, two-time Asian champion, Olympic silver medalist.
• Tigran Martirosyan is an Armenian weightlifter. European Champion.
• Tigran Martirosyan is an Armenian weightlifter. Multiple European champion. World champion. Bronze medalist of the Olympic Games in Beijing.
• Vardan Militosyan is an outstanding Soviet weightlifter. Multiple European champion. World championship medalist. Silver medalist at the Olympic Games in Montreal.
• Israel Militosyan is a Soviet and Armenian weightlifter. Olympic champion, world and European champion.
• Arthur Oganesyan is a 4th dan holder in Kyokushinkai karate, European champion (IKO).
• Arthur Petrosyan is an Armenian football player.
• Harutik Rubenyan is a Greco-Roman wrestler. World Cup winner. Multiple champion of the USSR.
• Aram Sargsyan is an outstanding Soviet, Armenian and Russian coach in Greco-Roman wrestling. Honored coach of the USSR.
• Gurgen Tutkhalyan is an outstanding Soviet sambo wrestler. Multiple world champion.
• Sergo Chakhoyan - Soviet, Armenian and Australian weightlifter. World record holder.
• Robert Emmiyan is an outstanding Soviet and Armenian track and field athlete. The current European record holder.

Workers of science, culture and art

• Khachatur Avetisyan is an Armenian composer.
• Eduard Artsrunyan - People's Artist of the Armenian SSR.
• Susanna (Shushanik) Amatuni - Soviet musicologist, professor
• George Gurdjieff - mystical philosopher, composer and traveler.
• Ruben Zaryan - Soviet Armenian theater actor, doctor of art history, professor.
• Avetik Isahakyan is an Armenian Soviet poet, prose writer, and publicist.
• Shushanik Kurginyan is an Armenian poetess.
• Edmond Keosayan is a Soviet Armenian film director and screenwriter.
• Sergei Merkurov is a Soviet monumental sculptor.
• Vazgen Manukyan is an Armenian politician.
• Levon Mkrtchyan is an Armenian director and cinematographer.
• Frunzik Mkrtchyan is a Soviet theater and film actor.
• Koryun Nahapetyan is a painter, graphic artist, illustrator, sociologist, philosopher, publicist and public figure.
• Artavazd Peleshyan - Soviet and Armenian documentary film director
• Arnold Sokhor - Soviet musicologist and musical sociologist, doctor of art history, professor at the Leningrad Conservatory.
• Svetlana Svetlichnaya is a Soviet and Russian theater and film actress.
• Gennady Timchenko is a Russian entrepreneur.
• Suren Chanchuryan is an Armenian dancer.
• Olga Chekhova is a German actress.
• Sheram is an Armenian ashug.
• Hovhannes Shiraz is an Armenian poet and public figure.
• Bambir is an Armenian folk rock band.

Presumably, the world famous mathematician and astronomer Ananias (Ananius) Shirakatsi (615) was born near Gyumri. Also born in Gyumri were composers Nikogos and Armen Tigranyan, art critic Garegin Levonyan (son of Ashug Jivani), People's Artist of the Armenian SSR Shara Talyan, singer and actor Henrik Alaverdyan, academicians of the Armenian Academy of Sciences Gevork Gharibjanyan, Andranik Shahinyan, Alexander Hakobyan, Khachatur Koshtoyan, Sergey Ambartsumyan, Ruben Zaryan. Since the 19th century, Gyumri has been called the city of poets and ashugs, “crafts and arts.”

Gyumri is a famous musical and theatrical center; for the first time, an Armenian opera (“Anush” by A. Tigranyan) was staged at the Gyumri City Theater.

Gyumri is the birthplace of famous jokers, witty heroes of jokes (Poloz Mukuch, Citro Alek, Helar Simon, Serozh, Vardanik, etc.).

The residents of Gyumri are known for their keen sense of humor (Gyumri, in a sense, can be called the capital of Armenian humor), traditionalism, hard work and ambition.

Movies

1. “Gyumri” - 1987. Documentary film about Gyumri. Director: Levon Mkrtchyan, Armenfilm
2. “Hovhannes Shiraz” - 1983. Documentary film about Hovhannes Shiraz. Director: Levon Mkrtchyan.

In the photo, a statue of one of the most famous Armenians of our time - the French singer Charles Aznavour - adorns the square (9200 m2) named after him in the city of Gyumri.

Geography

The city of Gyumri is located near the Turkish border. Gyumri is located in the center of the Shirak basin, surrounded on three sides by the Shirak and Pambak ranges, as well as by the spurs of the Aragats mountain range. Gyumri is located at an altitude of about one and a half kilometers above sea level in a zone of increased seismic danger.

The city territory itself is crossed by several gorges (Cherkez, Dzhajur).

In general, the climate in Gyumri is arid, its characteristic feature is a large amplitude of seasonal temperatures: in winter up to -41°C, in summer up to +36°C. There is relatively little precipitation here, and there are no forests in the vicinity of the city. One of the largest rivers in the country, Akhuryan, flows in the western part of the city, and the city itself stands above a large artesian basin.

Story

The first settlements on the territory of present-day Gyumri date back to the Bronze Age. Archaeological finds have proven that the area where Gyumri is located was called Kumayri in ancient times. This name is associated with the Cimmerian tribes who invaded the western shores of the Black Sea from the East European Plain in the 8th century. BC e. Presumably, the city of Kumayri, founded by them, was the center of an alliance of Cimmerian-Scythian tribes.

The area is referred to as Kumayri in historical Urartian inscriptions dating back to the 8th century. BC e. In his work Anabasis, the ancient Greek historian Xenophon (c. 430 - c. 356 BC) described the “large, flourishing, and populous city” of Gyumnias, which is identified with Gyumri. In Armenian sources, mention of Kumayri is found in the “History of the Caliphs” by the historian Ghevond at the end of the 8th century.

During the period of decline of the kingdom of Urartu in the second half of the 6th century. BC e. Kumayri became part of the Achaemenid Empire. At the beginning of the 5th century. BC e. these lands became part of the Satrapy of Armenia as part of the Achaemenid power. In 331 BC. e. the entire territory was included in the province of Airarat of the ancient state of Greater Armenia.

After the partition of Armenia in 387 between the Byzantines and Persians, Kumayri became part of the Sassanid Persian state. In 658, Kumayri was conquered by Persian Muslims and became part of the Armenian Emirate - a province of the Arab Caliphate in Transcaucasia.

At the beginning of the Middle Ages, Kumayri was a significant and developed urban settlement; its population repeatedly rebelled against the caliphate, until in 885 it became part of the Armenian Bagratid kingdom. The city entered a new period of prosperity, fortresses, monasteries, and educational institutions were built here. However, after Kumayri fell under the Byzantines in 1045, and under the Seljuks in 1064, the city lost its significance. Subsequently, Kumayri was in the position of a vassal of the Mongols from 1236 and the Turks from 1360.

It was during this period, under the rule of the Turkic tribes, that Kumayri began to be called Gyumry in everyday life, and then Gyumri.

In 1501, most of the eastern Armenian territories, including Kumayri, were conquered by the Iranian Safavid dynasty, led by Shah Ismail I, which was gaining strength and power. In 1502, Kumayri became part of the new administrative Iranian territory, and remained in this capacity until the beginning of the 19th century. c., without expressing himself in any particular way.

Decisive changes occurred at the beginning of the 19th century. In June 1804, Russian troops controlled the area around the city - already at the very beginning of the Russo-Persian War of 1804-1813.

The axis of the city is Akhtanaki (Victory) Street. The earthquake of 1926 led to the restructuring of the central part of the city. In the 1988 earthquake, mostly new blocks of post-war high-rise buildings were damaged.

This year the earth set, the depths shook and the blows of the elements instantly destroyed the many years of work of the Gyumri people.

According to the Gulistan Peace Treaty of 1813 between Russia and Persia, Kumayri had already officially become part of the Russian Empire.

During the period of being part of Russia, Kumayri became one of the fastest growing cities in Transcaucasia. In 1829, after the Russian-Turkish War, a stream of Armenian population rushed here, fleeing the Ottoman Empire.

In 1837, the Black Fortress was built in Kumayri. A powerful round-shaped fortification structure rising on a hill, built of black processed basalt. It is so large that it could accommodate up to 100 cannons and 800 soldiers. Subsequently, it was often used during the wars of Russia with Persia and Turkey. In the same year, Tsar Nicholas I visited the city, which in 1840 renamed Alexandropol. The name was chosen in honor of the wife of Tsar Nicholas I, Princess Charlotte of Prussia, who changed her name to Alexandra Feodorovna after converting to Orthodox Christianity.

The city was an important outpost of the Russian armed forces in Transcaucasia. In 1853, during the Crimean War, fierce battles took place near the city between Russian and Turkish troops.

The Paris Peace Treaty of 1856 following the Crimean War secured a situation in which territorial losses for Russia were minimal. Alexandropol retained its significance as a border fortress city and at the same time as a local center of trade and handicrafts. The craft quarters between the main square and the river have survived well to this day. In the 1890s - early 1900s. Russia laid many railways in Transcaucasia. In this network, Alexandropol became an important node, the third largest and most important trade and cultural center of Transcaucasia after Tiflis and.

At the end of the First World War, Türkiye captured Alexandropol several times. Turkish troops finally left the city after the signing of the Treaty of Kars in 1921.

In 1924, after the death of the leader of the October Revolution, Vladimir Lenin, the already Soviet city of Alexandropol was renamed Leninakan, where the Turkic “kan” means “city”.

The first earthquake that significantly affected the city occurred in 1926. At that time, many of its significant buildings were destroyed, including the Greek Church of St. George.

In December 1988, Gyumri was severely damaged as a result of the catastrophic Spitak earthquake of magnitude 6.8, as well as many other settlements in the northern part of the Armenian SSR. The earthquake became a tragedy on a national scale. In Gyumri, all houses of more than five floors - mostly Soviet-era high-rises - were damaged. The earthquake had a catastrophic impact on the city; many buildings have still not been restored. It also caused a huge outflow of population from the city.

Having survived a devastating earthquake, Gyumri managed to preserve the ensemble of old buildings and several interesting museums. The consequences of the Spitak earthquake are so great that they have not yet been eliminated: while the central streets have been put in order, there are quite a lot of destroyed buildings in the alleys.

In 1990, in the wake of transformations in the USSR, the city was renamed Kumayri, and in 1992, after the declaration of independence of Armenia, it was renamed Gyumri.

The 102nd Russian military base is located in Gyumri.

general information

Location : northwestern Armenia.

Administrative affiliation : Shirak region.

Based: VIII century BC uh

City: since 1837

Former names : until 1840 - Kumayri, until 1924 - Alexandropol, until 1990 - Leninakan, until 1992 - Kumayri.

Language: dialect of Western Armenian.

Ethnic composition : Armenians (99%, 2011), Yezidis, Russians.

Religions: Armenian Apostolic, Armenian Catholic, Russian Orthodox churches.

Currency unit : Armenian dram.

River: Akhuryan.

Numbers

Square: 36.26 km 2 .

Population: 118,600 people (2015).

Population density : 3270.8 people/km 2 .

Height above sea level : 1509 m, center.

Remoteness: 88 km northwest of Yerevan (as the crow flies), 196 km southeast of the Black Sea, 384 km west of the Caspian Sea.

Climate and weather

Moderate continental, mountainous.

Hot, long, dry summer, cold, snowy winter.

Average January temperature : -9.5°C.

Average temperature in July : +19.5°C.

Average annual precipitation : 485 mm.

Average annual relative humidity : 60%.

Economy

Industry: mechanical engineering and metalworking, food, light (cotton, shoe, sewing, knitwear, spinning, furniture).

Traditional crafts : carpet weaving, production of copper utensils and utensils.

Services sector: tourism, transport, trade.

Attractions

Historical

Black Fortress (1837)

Kumayri Historic District (1860s-1920s)

Ruins of the temple of Arseny of Serbia (church at the Cossack Post, 1910)

Memorial complex "Hill of Honor"

Architectural

City Stadium (1924, 1998, 2010)

Cinema "October" (1927)

Building "Armenia"

Central square Vardanants

Cultural

Museum of National Architecture and Urban Life (building 1872)

Central Park (1950s)

House-museums of the Aslamazyan sisters and art gallery (1980s), Sculptor Sergei Merkurov, poet Hovhannes Shiraz and film actor Mher (Frunzik) Mkrtchyan

Monument to the victims of the 1988 earthquake “To innocent victims, merciful hearts” (courtyard of the Amenaprkich church, 2008)

Monument to the Armenian Kings (sculptural composition in honor of the legendary 5th century commander Vardan Mamikonyan)

Khachkar Square

Statue-allegory “Mother Armenia”

Monument to Frunzik Mkrtchyan

Museums of the Railway, History and Ethnography and Local Lore

Cult

Marmashen Monastery (10th century, St. Astvatsatsin church, 12th-13th centuries, St. Petros chapel)

Church of Surb Astvatsatsin (Virgin Mary, 17th century) and Amenaprkich (All Savior, 1860-1873)

Russian Chapel (church-chapel of Archangel Michael at the “Hill of Honor”, ​​1870)

Church of Yot Verk Surb Astvatsatsin (Seven Wounds of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 1873-1884, restored in 2001)

Curious facts

The name “Gyumri” is associated with a Turkic word meaning “customs, customs duty.”

In 1829, the poet Alexander Pushkin visited the city, which he later described in his book of memoirs, “Journey to Arzrum during the Campaign of 1829.” Acquaintance with Gyumri took place against the backdrop of the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829. The royal court did not give permission for this trip, and the book aroused the indignation of the military leaders, since there is no particularly pretentious heroism in it. But it contains a brilliant description of everyday life.

Presumably, not far from Gyumri, Anania (Ananius) Shirakatsi (c. 610 - c. 685) was born - a world-famous Armenian geographer, philosopher, mathematician, cartographer, historian, astronomer, astrologer and alchemist, the founder of ancient Armenian natural science. Also born in Gyumri were poets Avetik Isahakyan and Hovhannes Shiraz, composers Nikoghayos and Armen Tigranyan, ashug Sheram (Grigor Talyan), art critic Garegin Levonyan, artist Sergey Merkulov, actor Shara Talyan, singer and actor Henrik Alaverdyan, academicians Gevork Gharibjanyan, Artashes Shahinyan, Alexander Hakobyan, Khachatur Koshtoyan, Sergey Ambartsumyan, Ruben Zaryan, Russian and German theater and film actress Olga Chekhova.

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Leninakan became a strategic border city; it was being prepared for stubborn defense. The reason is that not far from the city, along the bed of the Akhuryan River, there was a border with Turkey. Since the beginning of the war, not a day has passed without provocations from the Turks - the actual allies of Hitler's Germany. Four days before Germany attacked the USSR, a German-Turkish friendship treaty was signed. Before the start of the Battle of Stalingrad in the summer of 1942, Türkiye mobilized and concentrated troops on the border. Important facilities in Leninakan were mined in case of attack. It did not take place when the USSR won the Battle of Stalingrad.

Gyumri is a famous music and theater center. For the first time, an Armenian opera (“Anush” by A. Tigranyan) was staged at the Gyumri City Theater.

The historical district of Kumayri is one of the best ensembles of pre-revolutionary trade and craft architecture in Armenia. Kumayri has about a thousand houses built from the 1860s to the 1920s. At first, houses were built from a combination of red and black tuff. In the second half of the 1880s. The red tuff ran out, and to decorate the facades they began to use white plaster between the rows of black tuff masonry.

The memorial complex "Hill of Honor" is a historical burial place for officers of the Russian Empire who fell in the Russian-Turkish wars. The entrance to the complex is preceded by an arch symbolizing Armenian-Russian friendship, built in 1856 in Gyumri (Alexandropol) by order of the commander-in-chief of the Caucasian Corps, General Nikolai Muravyov. According to various sources, the ashes of up to 240 Russian army officers who died during the Russian-Turkish wars in 1853-1856 and 1877-1878 rest here. In 1956-1975. the memorial cemetery was razed, the tombstones were destroyed or used for construction purposes. In 2010, the opening of the restored “Hill of Honor” and the consecration of the chapel of St. Archangel Michael took place.

Gyumri is the “capital of humor” in Armenia, the birthplace of joke heroes - both fictional and real characters. One of them was a native of Gyumri - the famous Pomeranian joker and wit Poloz Mukuch.

The old city quarters: Greek, peasant, Catholic, Russian, Turkish - have preserved several old buildings. The buildings of the second half of the 19th century attract attention. with contrasting façade finishing in red and black tuff. One of these buildings with a wooden balcony is currently occupied by the Museum of Local Lore.

The Russian chapel, also known as the Church-Chapel of the Archangel Michael at the “Hill of Honor”, ​​was built in 1879-1880. like a funeral. Funeral services were held here for Russian soldiers who died during numerous assaults on the Turkish fortress of Kare. The design of the chapel is very unusual: the quadrangle is reinforced with powerful buttresses and crowned with a pyramidal galvanized dome. The Armenians called it Plplan (Brilliant), since the dome reflects the glare of the sun.

Sergei Merkurov, whose house museum is in the city, is a Soviet sculptor best known for creating hundreds of death masks of great figures of the first half of the 20th century, including Lenin, Tolstoy and Mayakovsky.

The 102nd Russian military base (military unit 04436) in Gyumri is one of the Russian military bases abroad. It was created in accordance with the 1992 Treaty on the Legal Status of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation on the Territory of Armenia. About 5 thousand Russian military personnel are permanently stationed here. In the event of any external threat to Armenia, it will be considered as an external threat to Russia. The base is here without any charge on either side.

Geographical encyclopedia

- (until 1840 the official name was Kumayri; in 1840 1924 Alexandropol, in 1924 91 Leninakan), a city in Armenia. Railway junction. 120 thousand inhabitants (1994). Light, mechanical engineering, food and flavoring industries. Pedagogical Institute. 2 theaters... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (until 1840 the official name was Kumayri; in 1840 1924 Alexandropol in 1924 91 Leninakan), a city in Armenia. Railway junction. 122.6 thousand inhabitants (1990). Light, mechanical engineering, food and flavoring industries. Pedagogical Institute. 2 theaters... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Noun, number of synonyms: 1 city (2765) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary

Gyumri- city, Armenia. First mentioned in 401 BC. e. like the city of Guminas, in the 8th century. Kumayri village; There is no etymology for these names. From the beginning of the 19th century. the village of Gyumri, whose name is associated with Turkey. Gyumryuk, Gyumri customs, customs duty. IN… … Toponymic dictionary

Gyumri- (Kumayri) (Gyumri, Kumayri)GyumriKumayri, an industrial city in the northwestern part of Armenia, near the Turkish border, northwestern from Yerevan; 123,000 inhabitants (1990). Founded as a fortress (Alexandropol) in 1837. From 1924 to 1991 was called Leninakan. The city was... ... Countries of the world. Dictionary

Gyumri (Armenian: Գյումրի) Armenian toponym: Gyumri city in Armenia Gyumri railway station in the city of Gyumri Locomotive depot Gyumri locomotive depot of the South Caucasus Railway. “Gyumri” former name... ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Gyumri (meanings). Coordinates: 40°47′15.1″ N. w. 43°51′35.9″ E. d. / 40.787528° n. w. 43.859972° E. d. ... Wikipedia

Abderrahim Gyumri Abderrahim at the 2008 New York Marathon ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Gyumri (meanings). Locomotive depot Gyumri locomotive depot of the South Caucasus Railway. In the service lists it is marked as PM 2 SCR. Gyumri Number PM 2 Division South Caucasian Railway... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Armenian diary. Tsavd tanem, Irina Goryunova. This diary is not a guide to Armenia, not a description of sights, cuisine and traditions, but an internal understanding of a great country, the heir of ancient Urartu, an unusual perception, in...
• Armenian diary. Tsavd tanem, I. Goryunova. This diary is not a guide to Armenia, not a description of sights, cuisine and traditions, but an internal understanding of a great country, the heir of ancient Urartu, an unusual perception, in...